Table 1 Discovery cohort clinical and demographic characteristics.

^aAge (mean ± SD)

53.5 ± 11.5

74.1 ± 9.6

74.4 ± 11.3

75.9 ± 15.4

f = 3.45 (3, 23)

0.033*

^bFemale n (%)

3 (75.0)

4 (50.0)

3 (42.9)

4 (50.0)

χ² = 1.11 (3)

0.775

^aBaseline NIHSS (mean ± SD)

2.5 ± 1.9

1.9 ± 2.9

6.1 ± 5.7

5.8 ± 6.2

f = 1.89 (3, 23)

0.159

^bPartial anterior cerebral infarction n (%)

2 (50.0)

3 (37.5)

4 (57.1)

5 (62.5)

χ² = 2.61 (3)

0.456

^bTotal anterior cerebral infarction n (%)

0 (00.0)

0 (0.00)

1 (14.3)

0 (00.0)

χ² = 1.75 (3)

0.627

^bLacunar cerebral infarction n (%)

1 (25.0)

4 (50.0)

1 (14.3)

3 (37.5)

χ² = 2.33 (3)

0.507

^bPosterior cerebral infarction n (%)

1 (25.0)

1 (12.5)

1 (14.3)

0 (00.0)

χ² = 1.87 (3)

0.601

^bHypertension n (%)

2 (50.0)

4 (50.0)

5 (71.4)

5 (62.5)

χ² = 0.89 (3)

0.828

^bDiabetes n (%)

0 (00.0)

2 (25.0)

0 (00.0)

2 (25.0)

χ² = 3.23 (3)

0.358

^bAtrial fibrillation n (%)

0 (00.0)

1 (12.5)

0 (00.0)

1 (12.5)

χ² = 1.46 (3)

0.686

^bMyocardial infarction n (%)

0 (00.0)

2 (25.0)

0 (00.0)

1 (12.5)

χ² = 2.95 (3)

0.399

^bDyslipidemia n (%)

0 (00.0)

5 (62.5)

3 (42.9)

7 (87.5)

χ² = 8.92 (3)

0.030*

^bHypertension medication n (%)

1 (25.0)

4 (50.0)

7 (100)

6 (75.0)

χ² = 5.09 (3)

0.165

^bDiabetes medication n (%)

0 (00.0)

2 (25.0)

0 (00.0)

0 (00.0)

χ² = 5.13 (3)

0.163

^bCholesterol medication n (%)

0 (00.0)

5 (62.5)

3 (42.9)

5 (62.5)

χ² = 5.11 (3)

0.164

^bAnticoagulant/antiplatelet n (%)

0 (00.0)

5 (62.5)

4 (57.1)

5 (62.5)

χ² = 5.11 (3)

0.164

^brtPA n (%)

0 (00.0)

1 (12.5)

3 (42.9)

4 (50.0)

χ² = 4.99 (3)

0.173

^bCurrent smoker n (%)

1 (25.0)

0 (00.0)

1 (14.3)

0 (00.0)

χ² = 3.50 (3)

0.321

^bFamily History of stroke n (%)

1 (25.0)

4 (50.0)

1 (14.3)

4 (50.0)

χ² = 2.96 (3)

0.399

^bPrevious stroke n (%)

0 (00.0)

0 (00.0)

3 (42.9)

1 (12.5)

χ² = 6.48 (3)

0.090