Table 3 Factors associated with DM > 8 years and diabetic retinopathy from patient without biopsy confirmed diabetic nephropathy.

Age (yr)

1.002

0.991 to 1.013

0.736

0.999

0.989 to 1.010

0.900

Male vs. female

0.956

0.694 to 1.317

0.784

0.734

0.546 to 0.987

0.041

eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²)

0.990

0.983 to 0.997

0.006

0.997

0.990 to 1.005

0.477

Log-transformed UPCR

1.234

0.927 to 1.642

0.149

1.743

1.327 to 2.290

0.000

Cardiovascular disease

2.685

1.850 to 3.896

0.000

1.321

0.986 to 1.769

0.062

MBP (mmHg)

1.002

0.992 to 1.013

0.667

0.998

0.989 to 1.008

0.758

HbA1c (%)

0.944

0.876 to 1.017

0.129

1.784

1.617 to 1.968

0.000

Smoker

1.081

0.729 to 1.603

0.698

0.981

0.676 to 1.423

0.918

Hemoglobin (g/dl)

0.993

0.914 to 1.080

0.875

0.829

0.766 to 0.898

0.000

Albumin (g/dl)

0.810

0.594 to 1.105

0.184

1.378

1.037 to 1.831

0.027

Log-transformed CRP

0.851

0.736 to 0.983

0.028

0.872

0.759 to 1.001

0.052

BMI (Kg/m2)

1.015

0.980 to 1.052

0.394

1.040

1.007 to 1.075

0.017

Log-transformed cholesterol

0.331

0.095 to 1.156

0.083

0.155

0.048 to 0.497

0.002

Phosphorus (mg/dl)

1.123

0.934 to 1.349

0.217

1.168

0.985 to 1.385

0.074

Uric acid (mg/dl)

1.011

0.937 to 1.090

0.779

0.981

0.914 to 1.052

0.590

Hematuria

0.783

0.527 to 1.163

0.226

0.724

0.497 to 1.056

0.094