Figure 1

CKD patients showed significantly elevated plasma TMAO concentrations. (a) Comparison of plasma TMAO levels between the CKD patient group and the control group. (b) Comparison of plasma TMAO levels between the high GFR group (GFR ≥ 7 ml/min/1.73 m2) and the low GFR group (GFR < 7 ml/min/1.73 m2). (c) Comparison of plasma TMAO levels between the high GFR group (GFR ≥ 7 ml/min/1.73 m2) and the control group. TMAO, trimethylamine N-oxide; CKD, chronic kidney disease; GFR, glomerular filtration rate. The results are based on a Mann-Whitney U test of the TMAO concentrations.