Table 2 Distribution of median tCho, β-catenin and cyclin D1 concentrations in breast cancer patients (n = 20) based on the difference in their AJCC stage, menopausal status, and hormonal marker status.

From: Is there an association between enhanced choline and β-catenin pathway in breast cancer? A pilot study by MR Spectroscopy and ELISA

Groups (n)

tCho (mmol/Kg) [Median (range)]

β-catenin (pg/ml) [Median (range)]

Cyclin D1 (ng/ml) [Median (range)]

Cytosolic fraction

Nuclear fraction

Cytosolic fraction

Nuclear fraction

AJCC Stage IIA (n = 11)

5.7 (2.1–17.9)

4.2 (1.8–7.5)

8.9 (3.0–37.2)

2.0 (1.0–2.0)

2.1 (2.0–2.7)

III (A + B) (n = 9)

4.7 (3.5–9.6)

5.6 (2.5–7.2)

12.2 (4.3–35.7)

2.0 (1.0–2.3)

2.2 (2.0–2.6)

Pre menopausal (n = 10)

5.8 (3.5–8.6)

5.1 (2.3–7.5)

14.9 (3.1–39.7)

2.0 (1.0–2.0)

2.2 (2.0–2.6)

Post menopausal (n = 10)

4.5 (2.1–17.9)

4.2 (1.8–6.7)

6.7 (3.0–37.2)

2.0 (1.0–2.3)

2.1 (2.0–2.7)

ER+ (n = 9)

5.1 (3.5–9.6)

4.2 (2.3–6.6)

13.3 (3.7–37.2)

2.0 (1.0–2.3)

2.3 (2.0–2.7)

ER− (n = 11)

4.9 (2.1–17.9)

4.5 (1.8–7.5)

8.9 (3.0–35.7)

2.0 (1.0–2.0)

2.1 (2.0–2.6)

PR+ (n = 10)

5.3 (3.5–9.6)

4.0 (2.3–5.8)*

17.1 (3.7–39.7)

2.0 (1.0–2.3)

2.2 (2.0–2.7)

PR− (n = 10)

5.4 (2.1–17.9)

5.1 (1.8–7.5)*

11.1 (3.0–35.7)

2.0 (1.0–2.0)

2.1 (2.0–2.6)

Her2neu+ (n = 9)

4.7 (2.1–9.6)

4.4 (2.5–7.5)

16.5 (3.0–39.7)

2.0 (1.0–2.3)

2.2 (2.0–2.6)

Her2neu− (n = 11)

5.9 (3.5–17.9)

5.6 (1.8–7.2)

8.9 (3.1–37.2)

2.0 (1.0–2.0)

2.1 (2.0–2.7)

  1. *Denote significant difference in cytosolic β-catenin between PR− and PR+ tumors with p < 0.05.