Figure 3
From: Fast diffusion of domesticated maize to temperate zones
Population divergence estimated by ∂a∂i. (a) The demographic model allows for two successive bottlenecks caused by domestication and founder effects of temperate population formation. The duration of the domestication bottle neck (T1), population split and recovery time (T2), and population divergence time (T3) were estimated. The population size at each time point was also estimated. The migration rates are expressed as Mij, where Mij/2Na = mij, the proportion of individuals in population j who are new migrants (M) from population i every generation, and mij is the migration parameter estimated in ∂a∂i. (b) Best-fit parameters inferred by ∂a∂i simulations. The transformation to physical units is described in the Materials and Methods. (c) The joint allele frequency spectrum of the observed data. (d) The joint allele frequency spectrum built from simulated data according to the best model. (e) The Anscombe residuals between the simulated and observed data.
