Figure 1

Differential centrifugation of EC culture supernatants. In order to remove the residual cells and cell debris, cell culture supernatants from TNF-α-stimulated HUVEC were initially centrifuged at 500× g to gain a cell free supernatant (S0.5). Thereafter, centrifugation of the S0.5 at 14,000× g pelleted the larger vesicles such as shedding microvesicles and apoptotic bodies (P14), while smaller EVs remained in the supernatant. Finally, this supernatant was subjected to ultracentifugation at 100,000× g, resulting in a pellet (P100) containing EVs enriched in exosomes and a supernatant free of vesicles (S100).