Figure 5

GRA15 expression in N. caninum does not compromise parasite fitness. (A) Growth competition assay of parental (NcLivΔhpt) and NcLiv_GRA15 strains, co-cultured for 6 passages (50%/50% proportion), (B) plaque formation of parental (NcLivΔhpt) and NcLiv_GRA15 strains, based on multiple lytic cycles. The area of each plaque was determined at 8 days post infection. Values are representative of two independent experiments indicating mean ± SEM of plaque size (*P < 0.05; Student’s t-test).