Figure 2

Brain entrainment to the narratives for listeners and speakers. The topological plots show the scalp distribution of the mean differences across participants in synchronization (PLV’s z-scores) between the real and the surrogate data at each frequency band. The different colors represent the scale from −0.8 to 0.8. The gray dots on the heads represent the location of the electrodes. The statistical results from the brain-audio envelope synchronization analysis at the different frequency bands are presented on the right. The matrix contains the FDR-corrected p values from nonparametric permutation tests (rounded) between each channel of the Listener/Speaker and the speech signal. Statistically significant brain-to-speech coupling (PLV) while listening or producing speech is indicated by coloring in green the corresponding cells where p_FDR < 0.05. Rows represent the electrodes and columns represent the role-frequency band. Significant brain-to-speech synchronization, as compared to the surrogate dataset, is more evident in the slow frequencies of delta and theta and more for the Speaker than for the Listener.