Table 3 Results of the GLMMs for the BACI experiment on infaunal and epifaunal abundance and biomass at the population and class or phylum level for categorized fishing intensity (FI), i.e. threshold analysis.

From: Defining thresholds of sustainable impact on benthic communities in relation to fishing disturbance

Response

Fixed effects

ΔAIC

Threshold

Categorical FI x Survey interaction

May

September

ES (%) (β3a)

SE3a

p3a

ES (%)(β3b)

SE3b

p3b

All infauna

(Ab)

D, DxS

−1.83

0.7

−20

0.357

0.527

87*

0.362

0.083

(Bio)

T, D

0.34

4.6

−71

0.837

0.139

−79*

0.899

0.081

Bivalvia

(Ab)

D, DxS

−0.35

gv:1.6; sd:1.2

20

0.655

0.777

230*

0.653

0.067

(Bio)

T

−1.86

1.6

0

1.143

0.999

1148*

1.172

0.039

Crustacea

(Ab)

D,DxS

−4.67

2.1

117

0.555

0.162

423*

0.557

0.003

(Bio)

T,D

−2.7

gv:1.2; sd:0.7

−70*

0.658

0.068

81

0.67

0.379

Echinodermata

(Ab)

 

−2.94

4.6

−90*

1.092

0.036

−93*

1.126

0.018

(Bio)

T,D

−6.02

4.6

−15

1.019

0.869

−86*

0.899

0.032

Polychaetae

(Ab)

D,DxS

−0.34

0.7

−30

0.428

0.411

74

0.433

0.201

(Bio)

D

−6.71

2.7

−28

0.426

0.447

171*

0.429

0.021

Sipuncula

(Ab)

 

1.01

gv:1.2; sd:0.15

−81

1.279

0.189

41

1.268

0.788

(Bio)

T

2.96

3.85

12

0.635

0.856

−39

0.658

0.459

All epifauna

(Ab)

 

−13.07

gv:3.4; sd:4.6

−52*

0.18

<0.001

−2

0.352

0.96

(Bio)

D

−5.93

4.6

−56*

0.239

0.001

−11

0.342

0.739

Bivalvia

(Ab)

 

−6.66

3.85

344*

0.647

0.021

833*

0.654

0.001

(Bio)

D

−17.24

2.7

293*

0.284

<0.001

79*

0.322

0.072

Bryozoa

(Bio)

 

−3.01

2.1

−36*

0.177

0.014

−39*

0.191

0.012

Chordata

(Ab)

D

−1.37

4.6

−47*

0.35

0.071

17

0.365

0.663

(Bio)

T

−6.04

4.6

−63*

0.277

0.001

−16

0.272

0.514

Cnidaria

(Ab)

 

−11.46

gv:1.2; sd:2.1

−50*

0.296

0.021

−70*

0.302

<0.001

(Bio)

 

−7.09

gv:1.2; sd:2.7

−49*

0.26

0.009

−62*

0.302

0.002

Crustacea

(Ab)

 

−2.16

1.6

−37*

0.275

0.088

24

0.277

0.444

(Bio)

 

−4.35

0.15

−46*

0.299

0.039

20

0.299

0.542

Echinodermata

(Ab)

T

−3.02

gv:3.85; sd:4.6

−36

0.501

0.37

144*

0.532

0.094

(Bio)

T

−7.17

2.1

9

0.299

0.775

145*

0.301

0.003

Gastropoda

(Ab)

T,D

−3.07

gv:3.4; sd:4.6

−56*

0.485

0.089

60

0.531

0.377

(Bio)

T,D

1.51

gv:0.15; sd:1.6

−43

0.39

0.155

−40

0.396

0.205

  1. Threshold is the FI that split low FI from high FI. β3a and β3b are the estimates of the ‘S x FI’ interaction as in eq. 1 for before to after and before to four months after fishing respectively, with corresponding standard errors (SE) and p-values (p). βs are expressed as percentage change, i.e. effect size (ES) (See caption Table 2). Here, ES is the percentage change at the FI threshold. P. maximus and O. fragilis were excluded from the epifaunal groups.
Back to article page