Table 5 Major clinical data, MR imaging features and diagnostic findings.
From: MR imaging features of benign retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas
Patients | Hypertension | CA-related symptoms | VMA/24 h | CA/24 h | 131I-MIBG | Location | Degree of tumor enhancement | Preoperative diagnosis of MRI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | + | − | − | − | + | Left paravertebral region | Slight enhancement | Retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
2 | − | − | + | + | + | Prevertebral region | Moderate enhancement | Retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
3 | + | − | + | + | + | Prevertebral region | Moderate enhancement | Retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
4 | + | − | + | + | + | Prevertebral region | Slight enhancement | Retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
5 | + | − | − | − | + | Prevertebral region | Moderate enhancement | Retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
6 | + | + | + | + | + | Prevertebral region | Avid enhancement | Retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
7 | + | − | + | + | + | Left paravertebral region | Avid enhancement | Retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
8 | + | + | + | + | + | Prevertebral region | Moderate enhancement | Retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
9 | + | − | − | − | + | Prevertebral region | Avid enhancement | Retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
10 | + | + | + | + | − | Prevertebral region | Avid enhancement | Retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
11 | − | − | − | − | N.A. | Prevertebral region | Moderate enhancement | Giant lymph node hyperplasia and retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
12 | − | − | + | + | − | Left paravertebral region | Slight enhancement | Neurogenic tumor |
13 | − | − | − | − | − | Left paravertebral region | Slight enhancement | Retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
14 | − | − | − | − | N.A. | Right paravertebral region | Moderate enhancement | Neurogenic tumor |
15 | − | − | − | − | − | Prevertebral region | Avid enhancement | Retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
16 | + | − | + | + | − | Prevertebral region | Avid enhancement | Retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
17 | − | − | − | − | N.A. | Left paravertebral region | Moderate enhancement | Retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
18 | − | − | − | − | N.A. | Prevertebral region | Avid enhancement | Stromal tumor and retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
19 | − | − | − | − | N.A. | Left paravertebral region | Moderate enhancement | Retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
20 | − | − | − | − | N.A. | Left paravertebral region | Avid enhancement | Retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
21 | − | − | − | − | N.A. | Right paravertebral region | Avid enhancement | Retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
22 | − | − | − | − | N.A. | Prevertebral region | Moderate enhancement | Neurogenic tumor |
23 | − | − | − | − | N.A. | Left paravertebral region | Moderate enhancement | Solid pseudopapillary tumor |
24 | − | − | − | − | N.A. | Left paravertebral region | Avid enhancement | Retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas |
