Figure 1

Diversity of invasion-related gene expression, breadth of antibody antibody responses and specific antibody levels against invasion-related antigens in Mozambican adults and children. (a) Diversity of invasion-related genes expression in each age group. Children had a higher diversity compared to adults (11 and 10, respectively, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, p = 0.022). Median values with the 95% confidence intervals are shown. (b) Breadth of antibody responses of specific IgG and IgM responses in age groups. Adults have higher breadth of IgG antibody responses against malaria antigens than children (Wilcoxon rank-sum test, p < 0.001) whereas children have higher breadth of IgM antibody responses (Wilcoxon rank-sum test, p = 0.003). Median values with the 95% confidence intervals are shown. (c,d) Specific IgG (c) and IgM (d) levels in adults and children. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. Grey dots represent values for children and empty dots values for adults. Median values are represented by horizontal black lines.