Figure 3
From: Warming effects on the urban hydrology in cold climate regions
Wintertime monthly hydrological components. (a) Modelled monthly evapotranspiration (E) and (b) modelled (open symbols) and observed (solid symbols) monthly surface runoff (R) normalised by monthly precipitation plus initial snow amount as a function of air temperature (T air ) and impervious surface fraction (λimp) in December–February. The impervious surface cover in each city was increased with 10% bins between 10% and 90%. The fitted curve has an exponential form (\({aexp}(b{T}_{air})\)) for the normalised evapotranspiration, and a logistic form (\(\frac{a}{1+\exp [-b({T}_{air}-c)]}\)) for the normalised runoff (see Supplementary Table S3 for coefficients).
