Table 3 Parameter estimates for the eight subjects included in the study. Values are given as mean ± standard error, unless otherwise stated.

P_pu

Pulmonary capillary pressure (mmHg)

7.4 (Sun et al.¹⁴)

10.8 ± 0.68

R_pv^a

Resistance of pulmonary veins (mmHg·s/mL)

2·10⁻³ (Sun et al.¹⁴)

2·10⁻³

L_pv^a

Inertance of pulmonary veins (mmHg· s²/mL)

5·10⁻⁴ (Sun et al.¹⁴)

5·10⁻⁴

R_pvc^a

Viscoelastic resistance of pulmonary capillaries and veins (mmHg·s/mL)

0.01 (Sun et al.¹⁴)

0.01

C_pvc^a

Capacitance of pulmonary capillaries and veins (mL/mmHg)

4 (Sun et al.¹⁴)

4

R_pu^a

Resistance of pulmonary capillaries (mmHg·s/mL)

0.01 (Sun et al.¹⁴)

0.01

K_s,LA

Source resistance coefficient of the LA (s/mL)

10·10⁻⁹ (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

12.26·10⁻⁹ ± 1.92·10⁻⁹

E_min,LA

Minimal elastance of the LA (mmHg/mL)

0.08 (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

0.11 ± 3.5·10⁻³

E_max,LA

Maximal elastance of the LA (mmHg/mL)

0.17 (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

0.15 ± 7.1·10⁻³

V_0,LA

Unstressed volume of the LA (mL)

3 (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

2.68 ± 0.43

m₁,_LA

Contraction rate constant of the LA (−)

1.32 (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

1.22 ± 0.14

m₂,_LA

Relaxation rate constant of the LA (−)

13.1 (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

12.9 ± 1.96

α₁,_LA

Systolic time constant of the LA (−)

0.11 (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

0.1 ± 0.04

α₂,_LA

Diastolic time constant of the LA (−)

0.18 (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

0.2 ± 0.02

R_visc,_LA

Viscous loss resistance for the LA (mmHg·s/mL)

1·10⁻⁴ (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

1.37·10⁻⁴ ± 1.77·10⁻⁵

Onset_LA

Onset of contraction of the LA (s)

0.85 (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

0.8 ± 0.01

K_s,LV

Source resistance coefficient of the LV (s/mL)

4·10⁻⁹ (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

2.93·10⁻⁹ ± 4.35·10⁻¹⁰

E_min,LV

Minimal elastance of the LV (mmHg/mL)

0.08 (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

0.09 ± 7.1·10⁻³

E_max,LV

Maximal elastance of the LV (mmHg/mL)

3 (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

1.97 ± 0.17

V_0,LV

Unstressed volume of the LV (mL)

10 (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

11.46 ± 2.03

m₁,_LV

Contraction rate constant of the LV (−)

1.32 (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

1.67 ± 0.12

m₂,_LV

Relaxation rate constant of the LV (−)

27.4 (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

33.92 ± 1.2

α₁,_LV

Systolic time constant of the LV (−)

0.269 (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

0.4 ± 0.03

α₂,_LV

Diastolic time constant of the LV (−)

0.452 (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

0.42 ± 0.01

R_visc,LV

Viscous loss resistance for the LV (mmHg·s/mL)

1·10⁻⁴ (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

1.69·10⁻⁴ ± 1.62·10⁻⁵

Onset_LV

Onset of contraction of the LV (s)

0 (Mynard et al.¹⁵)

−0.04 ± 8.8·10⁻³

R_mv

Resistance of the mitral valve (mmHg·s/mL)

3.75·10⁻³ (Sun et al.¹⁴)

4.52·10⁻³  ± 7.46·10⁻⁴

L_mv

Inertance of the mitral valve (mmHg·s²/mL)

2·10⁻⁴ (Sun et al.¹⁴)

7·10⁻⁴ ± 4.6·10⁻⁵

EOA_av

Effective orifice area of the aortic valve (cm²)

1.69 (Garcia et al.¹⁶)

2.65 ± 0.54

A_ao

Cross sectional area of the aorta (cm²)

5 (Olufsen et al.⁶²)

6.09 ± 1.27

L_av

Inertance of the aortic valve (mmHg· s²/mL)

4·10⁻⁴ (Sun et al.¹⁴)

2.74·10⁻⁴ ± 4.6·10⁻⁴

R_aa

Resistance of the ascending aorta (mmHg·s/mL)

0.04 (Sun et al.¹⁴), 0.02 (Liang et al.¹⁷),

0.06 ± 0.03

L_aa

Inertance of the ascending aorta (mmHg· s²/mL)

5·10⁻⁴ (Sun et al.¹⁴), 1.2·10⁻³ (Broome et al.¹⁸)

1.01·10⁻⁴ ± 1.06·10⁻⁶

R_aav

Viscoelastic resistance for C_aa (mmHg·s/mL)

0.01 (Sun et al.¹⁴)

6.11·10⁻³ ± 1.8·10⁻³

C_aa

Capacitance of the ascending aorta (mL/mmHg)

0.1 (Sun et al.¹⁴), 0.16 (Broome et al.¹⁸)

0.13 ± 0.01

R_psa

Proximal peripheral resistance for the supra aortic vessels (mmHg·s/mL)

—

0.05 ± 3.5·10⁻³

R_dsa

Distal peripheral resistance for the supra aortic vessels (mmHg·s/mL)

3.9 (Heldt et al.¹⁹)

3.47 ± 0.56

C_psa

Peripheral compliance for the supra aortic vessels (mL/mmHg)

0.6 (Liang et al.¹⁷)

0.49 ± 0.03

R_pia

Proximal peripheral resistance for the intercostal arteries (mmHg·s/mL)

—

0.05 ± 3.5·10⁻³

C_pia

Peripheral compliance for the intercostal arteries (mL/mmHg)

0.93 (Liang et al.¹⁷)

0.13 ± 0.03

R_dia

Distal peripheral resistance for the intercostal arteries (mmHg·s/mL)

3 (Heldt et al.¹⁹)

8.37 ± 1.18

R_da

Resistance of the abdominal aorta (mmHg·s/mL)

0.04 (Sun et al.¹⁴) 0.02 (Liang et al.¹⁷)

0.07 ± 0.01

L_da

Inertance of the abdominal aorta (mmHg· s²/mL)

5·10⁻⁴ (Sun et al.¹⁴), 1.6·10⁻³ (Broome et al.¹⁸)

1.7·10⁻³ ± 3.46·10⁻⁴

R_dav

Viscoelastic resistance for C_da (mmHg·s/mL)

0.01

5.83·10⁻³ ± 6.36·10⁻⁴

C_da

Capacitance of the abdominal aorta (mL/mmHg)

0.1 (Sun et al.¹⁴), 0.28 (Broome et al.¹⁸)

0.24 ± 0.04

R_pda

Proximal peripheral resistance (mmHg·s/mL)

—

0.05 ± 6.4·10⁻³

R_dda

Distal peripheral resistance (mmHg·s/mL)

1.2 (Sun et al.¹⁴), 1.31 (Broome et al.¹⁸)

0.91 ± 0.05

C_da

Peripheral compliance (mL/mmHg)

2(Sun et al.¹⁴)

0.96 ± 0.11

T^b

Duration of the cardiac cycle (s)

—

0.9 ± 0.05

ρ

Density of blood (g/mL)

1.06

1.06