Figure 4

Anti-inflammatory effects induced by RAGE inhibition. Measurement of bronchoalveolar (BAL) levels of (A) interleukin (IL)-6, (B) tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, (C) keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC), (D) macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2 and (E) interleukin (IL)-17 in uninjured, untreated mice (Sham group), acid-injured animals (HCl group) and acid-injured animals treated with sRAGE (HCl + recombinant sRAGE group) or with anti-RAGE monoclonal antibody (HCl + anti-RAGE mAb group) (n = 4–6 for each time-point). Levels of cytokines were normalised to those of total protein. As no difference was observed between sham animals at all time points; the results from sham mice were mixed for analyses (left bar of the X-axis). Values are reported as means ± standard deviations. *P < 0.05; **P < 10−2; ***P < 10−3 versus sham controls; #P < 0.05; ##P < 10−2; ###P < 10−3 versus acid-injured animals.