Table 1 ClC-Kb mutations involved in the Bartter syndrome type 3 with available experimental data.

From: In silico model of the human ClC-Kb chloride channel: pore mapping, biostructural pathology and drug screening

Variant

Protein region (residue distance to the pore)

Experimental Remaining current

Polyphen2.0 Probability of Damage

PoPMuSIC ΔΔG (kcal.mol−1)

FoldX/ENCoM ΔΔG (kcal.mol−1)

Exposition to solvent

ConSurf Scale

Interactive structural analysis of the 3D model

G246R

α helix I (~10 Å)

None

Probably damaging

0.89

2.35

Buried

8

Steric clashes, charged residue in the protein core, possible disruption of the dimer

A349D

K-L loop (~4 Å)

None

Probably damaging

0.84

2.48

Buried

8

Charged residue in the protein core and clashes with surrounding side chains

R438C

α helix N (~14 Å)

None

Probably damaging

0.99

0.96

Buried

7

Loss of a salt-bridge with E442

R438H

α helix N (~14 Å)

None

Probably damaging

0.30

0.32

Buried

7

Steric clashes in a packed environment

L439P

α helix N (~15 Å)

None

Probably damaging

2.95

2.52

Exposed to the membrane

7

Introduce a proline inside an α-helix

G424E

M-N loop (~0 Å)

None

Probably damaging

2.07

2.84

Buried

9

Serious clashes in a packed environment, charged residue in the protein core (part of the pore)

A204T

α helix G (~9 Å)

0 to 25%

Probably damaging

0.86

0.84

Buried

6

Steric clashes, could push away the α helix G from the α helix F (part of the pore)

P124L

α helix D (~0 Å)

0 to 73%

Probably damaging

0.01

−0.13

Partially exposed

7

Some steric clashes, perturbs the E125-K527 salt bridge (part of the pore), removal of a Pro at the beginning of the helix

T115P

α helix C (~8 Å)

18%

Probably damaging

0.90

1.28

Exposed

5

Add a proline at the end of an α-helix

Y432H

α helix N (~4 Å)

20%

Possibly damaging

1.86

1.33

Exposed to the membrane

4

Charged residue in contact with the membrane lipids

L139P

D-E loop (~6 Å)

27%

Probably damaging

2.35

1.13

Partially exposed

7

Destabilization of the D-E loop and disruption of the E136-R182 salt-bridge

L81P

α helix B (~21 Å)

35%

Probably damaging

1.99

1.87

Exposed to the membrane

5

Proline inside the α-helix

A210V

α helix G (~7 Å)

50%

Probably damaging

1.01

0.47

Buried

7

Some steric clashes in a relatively packed environment. Moderate damage of the protein function

G120R

C-D loop (~1 Å)

60%

Probably damaging

0.67

0,05

Exposed

8

Disruption of the E125-R527 salt bridge (nearby the pore). Partially tolerated

V170M

α helix F (~3 Å)

60%

Probably damaging

0.91

−0.56

Buried

9

Minor steric clashes, pushes away helices involved in the pore

R351W

K-L loop (~4 Å)

60%

Probably damaging

0.21

0.65

Exposed

3

Loss of a salt bridge with E390 but the change could be tolerated

R351P

K-L loop (~4 Å)

63%

Probably damaging

1.44

1.95

Exposed

3

Loss of a salt-bridge with E390 and destabilization of the L-M loop

R92W

α helix C (~20 Å)

67%

Probably damaging

0.41

0.51

Exposed

5

Modification of electrostatic interactions in the B-C loop

  1. The mutations were sorted according to their current decrease. The investigated residues were: L81P90, R92W90, T115P56, G120R56, P124L11, 81, 82, L139P56, V170M56, A204T11, 81, 82, A210V91, G246R90, A349D81, 82, R351P90, R351W91, G424E56, Y432H92, R438C90, R438H90 and L439P90.