Figure 2
From: The lichen secondary metabolite atranorin suppresses lung cancer cell motility and tumorigenesis
Atranorin was identified as an active secondary metabolite from E. vexans with inhibitory activity against A549 cell motility. (a) TLC analysis performed using a Toluene: Dioxin: Acetic acid = 180: 45: 5 (v/v/v) solvent system showed that lichen extracts had inhibitory activity against A549 cell motility; ‘a’ denotes the location of the spot for atranorin. L. cladonioides was used as the standard control for atranorin; it contained atranorin (spot ‘a’) and norstictic acid (spot ‘b’). (b) Chemical structure of atranorin. (c) MTT assay in A549 cells treated with atranorin at different doses. (d,e) Migration assay in A549 cells treated with 5 μg/mL atranorin, and quantitative analysis of wound length. (f,g) Invasion assays in A549 cells treated with 5 μg/mL atranorin and quantitative analysis of invaded cell numbers in each treatment. Quantitative data were obtained from three independent experiments (n = 3). Data represent the mean ± S.E.M. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001 compared with DMSO-treated A549 cells.
