Table 1 Clinical Characteristics of the Subjects in Accordance with LDL-C.
Variables | Total (1349) | Subjects not receiving statin therapy | Subjects receiving statin therapy | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LDL-C≤100 (n = 400) | LDL-C>100 (n = 557) | P value | LDL-C≤100 (n = 251) | LDL-C>100 (n = 141) | P value | ||
Age, yr | 59 ± 17 | 52 ± 20 | 57 ± 16 | < 0.001 | 69 ± 9 | 67 ± 11 | 0.07 |
Gender, men/women | 787/562 | 279/121 | 306/251 | < 0.001 | 140/111 | 62/79 | 0.62 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 23.7 ± 3.9 | 22.6 ± 3.6 | 24.1 ± 4.1 | < 0.001 | 24.5 ± 4.0 | 24.3 ± 3.2 | 0.66 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 131 ± 19 | 127 ± 20 | 134 ± 20 | < 0.001 | 133 ± 19 | 133 ± 18. | 0.93 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 77.5 ± 12.8 | 75.3 ± 13.2 | 80.0 ± 13.0 | < 0.001 | 75.8 ± 11.0 | 77.1 ± 11.9 | 0.27 |
Heart rate, beats/min | 70.4 ± 12.4 | 69.8 ± 13.0 | 71.3 ± 12.0 | 0.08 | 68.9 ± 11.8 | 71.0 ± 12.7 | 0.09 |
Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.81 ± 0.27 | 0.79 ± 0.22 | 0.79 ± 0.27 | 0.71 | 0.86 ± 0.32 | 0.82 ± 0.31 | 0.16 |
Uric acid, mg/dL | 5.6 ± 1.5 | 5.6 ± 1.5 | 5.7 ± 1.5 | 0.47 | 5.4 ± 1.5 | 5.5 ± 1.4 | 0.64 |
Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 191 ± 38 | 168 ± 24 | 218 ± 32 | < 0.001 | 162 ± 25 | 206 ± 34 | < 0.001 |
Triglycerides, mg/dL | 138 ± 90 | 135 ± 102 | 139 ± 88 | 0.47 | 129 ± 76 | 157 ± 84 | < 0.001 |
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mg/dL | 59 ± 17 | 61.3 ± 18.7 | 57.9 ± 15.4 | 0.002 | 59.6 ± 16.4 | 56.1 ± 15.5 | 0.04 |
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mg/dL | 107 ± 34 | 80.7 ± 15.1 | 134.4 ± 25.7 | < 0.001 | 77.2 ± 15.9 | 122.8 ± 21.7 | < 0.001 |
Glucose, mg/dL | 114 ± 38 | 108 ± 31 | 112 ± 39 | 0.12 | 123 ± 41 | 122 ± 44 | 0.84 |
Hemoglobin A1c, % | 5.6 ± 0.79 | 5.4 ± 0.7 | 5.6 ± 0.8 | 0.008 | 5.9 ± 0.8 | 5.8 ± 0.7 | 0.83 |
Medications, n (%) | |||||||
Calcium channel blockers | 538 (40.6) | 129 (33.2) | 208 (38.0) | 0.13 | 130 (53.9) | 70 (47.3) | 0.20 |
Alpha-blockers | 49 (3.7) | 13 (3.3) | 20 (3.7) | 0.79 | 10 (4.2) | 6 (4.1) | 0.96 |
Beta-blockers | 187 (14.1) | 42 (10.8) | 43 (7.9) | 0.12 | 68 (28.2) | 33 (22.3) | 0.20 |
Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors | 433 (32.7) | 90 (23.1) | 140 (25.6) | 0.39 | 139 (57.7) | 63 (42.6) | 0.004 |
Medically treated diabetes mellitus | |||||||
Any | 218 (16.2) | 39 (9.8) | 40 (7.2) | 0.15 | 92 (36.7) | 47 (33.3) | 0.51 |
Insulin-dependent | 32 (2.4) | 7 (1.8) | 8 (1.5) | 0.69 | 12 (5.0) | 5 (3.4) | 0.45 |
Medical history, n (%) | |||||||
Hypertension | 905 (67.2) | 222 (55.5) | 375 (67.7) | < 0.001 | 198 (79.2) | 108 (76.6) | 0.55 |
Diabetes mellitus | 339 (25.2) | 63 (15.8) | 93 (16.7) | 0.69 | 120 (48.0) | 61 (43.9) | 0.44 |
Peripheral artery disease | 121 (9.1) | 33 (8.4) | 39 (7.2) | 0.50 | 34 (13.7) | 14 (10.1) | 0.31 |
Coronary artery disease | 162 (12.0) | 20 (5.0) | 19 (3.5) | 0.24 | 98 (39.2) | 24 (17.3) | < 0.001 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 86 (6.4) | 17 (4.3) | 25 (4.6) | 0.83 | 26 (10.5) | 18 (13.0) | 0.46 |
Cardiovascular disease | 223 (16.8) | 36 (9.1) | 39 (7.2) | 0.28 | 110 (44.2) | 38 (27.3) | 0.001 |
Current Smoking, n (%) | 268 (20.1) | 119 (30.3) | 99 (18.0) | < 0.001 | 30 (12.1) | 20 (14.4) | 0.51 |
Smoking, pack year | 30.1 ± 29.7 | 26.7 ± 28.1 | 28.3 ± 27.1 | 0.52 | 41.1 ± 35.7 | 33.8 ± 25.5 | 0.13 |
Flow-mediated vasodilation, % | 4.1 ± 3.1 | 4.9 ± 3.3 | 3.9 ± 3.0 | < 0.001 | 3.5 ± 2.7 | 3.7 ± 2.8 | 0.56 |
Nitroglycerine-induced vasodilation | 12.5 ± 5.7 | 13.7 ± 5.6 | 12.5 ± 5.5 | 0.002 | 11.3 ± 5.8 | 11.1 ± 5.9 | 0.72 |
