Figure 3

Drift velocity as a function of ϕ e in the presence of an ac electric field with ω e = 2ω and Φ = 0. Top row: Theoretical (lines) and numerical (circles) drift speed vs ϕ e . Bottom row: Theoretical (lines) and numerical (circles) drift angle vs ϕ e . Left column: Highly excitable medium. Right column: Weakly excitable medium.