Table 1 Vδ2 frequency, functional strata and protection from P. falciparum infection in subsequent year

From: Vδ2+ T cell response to malaria correlates with protection from infection but is attenuated with repeated exposure

Predictora

N (%)

Prevalence of any infection (n/N, %)

Unadjustedb

Adjustedc

OR

95% CI

p-value

aOR

95% CI

p-value

Percentage Vδ2 + among CD3 +

Low (0.06–0.38)

93 (35.1)

300/346, 88%

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Middle (0.38–0.87)

92 (34.7)

258/340, 76%

0.44

0.26–0.75

0.002

0.49

0.30–0.82

0.007

High (0.88–8.7)

80 (30.2)

215/303, 71%

0.34

0.20–0.59

<0.001

0.35

0.21–0.59

<0.001

Percentage IFNγ + /TNFα + Vδ2 +

Low (0.84–27.8)

95 (35.9)

298/350, 85%

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Middle (28.2–40.3)

91 (34.3)

254/339, 75%

0.44

0.26–0.76

0.003

0.49

0.29–0.83

0.008

High (40.6–67.0)

79 (29.8)

221/300, 74%

0.41

0.24–0.72

0.002

0.47

0.27–0.81

0.007

Age Category

0 - < 4

80 (30.2)

217/309, 70%

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

≥4 - < 7

87 (32.8)

272/336, 81%

2.00

1.19–3.38

0.009

1.64

0.99–2.73

0.055

≥7 - < 11

98 (37.0)

284/344, 83%

2.08

1.23–3.51

0.006

1.79

1.08–2.98

0.025

Mosquito Exposure Rate

1 - < 8

18 (6.8)

43/66, 65%

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

≥8 - < 40

193 (72.8)

564/724, 78%

2.12

0.86–5.24

0.102

2.40

1.04–5.56

0.04

≥40–80

40 (15.1)

122/150, 81%

2.67

0.93–7.64

0.067

3.58

1.34–9.53

0.011

≥80

14 (5.3)

44/49, 90%

6.22

1.26–30.63

0.025

8.60

1.96–37.64

0.004

  1. OR: odds ratio; aOR: adjusted odds ratio
  2. aIncludes n = 265.
  3. bFor analysis, all routine visits were considered. Odds of any infection at routine visits includes both submicroscopic and microscopic infections.
  4. cAdjusted for age category and mosquito exposure rate.
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