Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of study cohort stratified by sex.
From: Associations between trunk muscle morphology, strength and function in older adults
Characteristics | Outcomes | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Total (n = 64) | Males (n = 26) | Females (n = 38) | |
% population | 100% | 40.6% | 59.4% |
Age (years) | 69.8 (7.5) | 68.8 (7.6) | 70.4 (7.4) |
Body mass index (kg/m 2) | 27.3 (4.7) | 27.9 (3.5) | 27.0 (5.4) |
History of falls over past 12 months | |||
No falls | 82% | 92% | 74% |
Falls | 18% | 8% | 26% |
Self-reported physical activity | |||
Not very active (rarely leaves house) | 3.1% | 0% | 5.3% |
Moderately active (1-2 training sessions/week) | 53.1% | 57.7% | 50.0% |
Very active (≥3 training sessions/week) | 43.8% | 42.3% | 44.7% |
Right total lateral abdominal muscles, cm | 1.6 (0.4) | 1.9 (0.5) | 1.49 (0.3) |
Left total lateral abdominal muscles, cm | 1.6 (0.39) | 1.8 (0.4) | 1.4 (0.3) |
Total lateral abdominal muscles (mean right/left), cm | 1.6 (0.4) | 1.8 (0.4) | 1.4 (0.3) |
Rectus abdominis, cm 2 | 4.1 (1.4) | 5.3 (1.2) | 3.2 (0.7) |
Lumbar multifidus L4/L5, cm | 3.1 (0.5) | 3.3 (0.4) | 3.0 (0.4) |
Lumbar multifidus L5/S1, cm | 3.0 (0.5) | 3.2 (0.5) | 2.9 (0.5) |
Composite trunk muscle size, cm | 8.5 (1.2) | 9.2 (1.1) | 8.1 (1.0) |
Trunk flexion strength, N | 125.0 (50.9) | 166.3 (40.1) | 96.8 (36.1) |
Trunk extension strength, N | 89.4 (44.9) | 123.9 (41.5) | 65.7 (29.4) |
Trunk right lateral flexion strength, N | 65.7 (29.6) | 81.3 (33.4) | 54.9 (21.2) |
Trunk left lateral flexion strength, N | 57.3 (26.0) | 72.6 (26.8) | 46.9 (19.8) |
Trunk lateral flexion strength (mean right/left), N | 61.5 (26.5) | 76.9 (28.2) | 50.9 (19.4) |
Composite trunk strength, N | 337.5 (124.5) | 444.2 (94.0) | 264.5 (83.4) |
Six Minute Walk Test, m | 559.8 (87.9) | 595.6 (86.3) | 535.3 (81.4) |
30-Second Chair Stand Test, reps | 16.2 (4.45) | 17.3 (5.2) | 15.5 (3.6) |
Sitting and Rising Test, points | 5.7 (2.15) | 6.5 (1.5) | 5.1 (2.3) |
Berg Balance Scale | 52.0 (4.52) | 52.7 (4.6) | 51.6 (4.4) |
Timed Up and Go Test, sec | 7.4 (1.92) | 7.2 (2.3) | 7.5 (1.6) |
