Table 4 Univariate analysis of associations between trunk muscle morphology and strength

From: Associations between trunk muscle morphology, strength and function in older adults

 

Rectus abdominis, cm2

Lumbar multifidus, cm

Total lateral abdominal muscles, cm

Composite trunk muscle size, cm

CSA

L4/L5

L5/S1

Right

Left

Mean

Trunk flexion strength, N

0.80

0.27

0.21

0.68

0.68

0.70

0.54

(<0.001)

(0.026)

(0.086)

(<0.001)

(<0.001)

(<0.001)

(<0.001)

Trunk extension strength, N

0.51

0.20

0.13

0.40

0.33

0.38

0.33

(<0.001)

(0.106)

(0.284)

(0.001)

(0.007)

(0.002)

(0.006)

Trunk right lateral flexion strength, N

0.44

−0.01

−0.060

0.38

0.41

0.41

0.17

(<0.001)

(0.884)

(0.637)

(0.002)

(0.001)

(0.001)

(0.164)

Trunk left lateral flexion strength, N

0.44

−0.00

−0.04

0.37

0.38

0.39

0.18

(<0.001)

(0.988)

(0.700)

(0.002)

(0.002)

(0.001)

(0.152)

Trunk lateral flexion strength (mean right/left), N

0.46

−0.01

−0.05

0.40

0.41

0.42

0.18

(<0.001)

(0.929)

(0.651)

(0.001)

(0.001)

(0.001)

(0.138)

Composite trunk strength, N

0.71

0.18

0.11

0.59

0.58

0.60

0.42

(<0.001)

(0.148)

(0.374)

(<0.001)

(<0.001)

(<0.001)

(<0.001)

  1. Values are presented are Pearson correlation coefficients (exact p values).
  2. Bolded estimates are statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05 and p ≤ 0.01.
  3. BMI body mass index, cm (muscle thickness in centimeters), cm 2 (muscle cross sectional area in square centimeters), Composite trunk muscle size comprised the thickness of bilateral lateral abdominal muscles, rectus abdominis, lumbar multifidus L4/L5, lumbar multifidus L4/L5, Composite trunk strength comprised trunk strength flexion, extension and lateral flexion (the average of right and left), CSA cross sectional area, n number of participants, N newton.
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