Table 3 Functions of candidate genes associated with three derived germination traits.

From: Genome-wide association study Identified multiple Genetic Loci on Chilling Resistance During Germination in Maize

Trait

SNP

Gene*#

Location

Distance (kb)

LD

Gene function

RGI

S1_258878734

GRMZM2G704005#

exon

0

1

Lactoylglutathione lyase

RGR

S1_296660959

GRMZM2G113158

exon

0

1

G-type lectin s-receptor-like serine threonine-protein kinase at1g34300

RDT50

S2_117871531

GRMZM2G318156#

exon

1.08

0.82

Uncharacterized protein LOC100502242

RDT50

S2_117871531

GRMZM2G012148*#

exon

47.62

0.8

Non-specific lipid-transfer protein at2g13820

RDT50

S2_117871531

GRMZM2G300994#

exon

−98.86

0.88

Gnat transcription partial

RDT50

S2_117871531

GRMZM5G871707#

exon

1.08

0.82

Uncharacterized protein LOC100502242

RGR

S2_154533439

GRMZM2G462797#

intron

0

1

TPA: hypothetical protein ZEAMMB73_597353

RGI

S4_238122472

GRMZM2G389768*

exon

0

1

Glycine-rich protein 2

RGR

S6_156520680

GRMZM2G073535#

exon

0

1

Protein translation factor sui1

RGR

S6_156520680

GRMZM5G802338#

exon

0.03

1

protein translation factor sui1

RGI

S6_23724609

GRMZM2G057186*

exon

0

1

Gdp-l-galactose phosphorylase 2-like

RGI

S6_23724609

GRMZM2G081928

exon

−199.88

0.84

Peroxidase

RDT50

S7_134104928

GRMZM2G033884

exon

−0.07

1

Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein mitochondrial

RDT50

S7_1956860

GRMZM2G019746

exon

0

1

AMP-dependent synthetase and ligase

RGR

S9_128655946

GRMZM2G170890

exon

−0.2

0.88

Mitochondrial fission 1 protein a-like

RDT50/RGI

ss196436428

GRMZM2G178486*#

exon

248.98

0.81

Zinc finger proteins: C3HC4-type family proteins

RDT50/RGI

ss196436428

GRMZM5G806387*#

exon

−366.49

0.8

Casp-like protein 2a1

RDT50/RGI

ss196436428

GRMZM2G148793#

intron

−216.19

0.86

TPA: hypothetical protein ZEAMMB73_617749

  1. All candidate genes contain either an associated SNP or a SNP in high Linkage Disequilibrium (LD) (R Square ≥ 80%) with an associated SNP and within a distance <400 kb.
  2. * and # indicate the gene with supports of cloned genes and previous QTL studies, respectively.