Table 2 Basic demographic characteristics and conventional US features in predicting thyroid malignancy.
Parameter | Benign n = 547) | Malignant (n = 464) | total | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Patient Characteristics | ||||
Gender | 0.501 | |||
Male | 131 (23.9) | 112 (24.1) | 243 | |
Female | 416 (76.1) | 352 (75.9) | 768 | |
Age | <0.001 | |||
Mean(y)# | 54.3 ± 12.3 | 46.5 ± 14.1 | ||
Range(y) | 18–83 | 13–84 | ||
Nodule | ||||
Size | <0.001 | |||
Mean(mm)# | 24.0 ± 14.2 | 11.7 ± 8.2 | ||
Range(mm) | 4.0–92.0 | 4.0–61.0 | ||
Location | 0.035 | |||
Right | 276 (50.5) | 218 (47.0) | 494 | |
Left | 254 (46.4) | 216 (46.6) | 470 | |
Isthmus | 17 (3.1) | 30 (6.4) | 47 | |
Composition | <0.001 | |||
Predominantly cystic | 145 (26.5) | 1 (0.2) | 146 | |
Predominantly solid | 97 (17.7) | 11 (2.4) | 108 | |
Solid | 288 (52.7) | 452 (97.4) | 740 | |
Spongiform | 17 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 17 | |
Echogenecity | <0.001 | |||
Iso-Hyperechogenicity | 260 (47.5) | 17 (3.7) | 277 | |
Hypoechogenicity | 279 (51.0) | 390 (84.1) | 669 | |
Marked hypoechogenicity | 8 (1.5) | 57 (12.2) | 65 | |
Echostructure | <0.001 | |||
Homogeneous | 100 (18.3) | 135 (29.1) | 235 | |
Heterogeneous | 447 (81.7) | 329 (70.9) | 776 | |
Margin | <0.001 | |||
Well circumscribed | 472 (86.3) | 134 (28.9) | 606 | |
Microlobulated or irregular | 74 (13.5) | 326 (70.2) | 400 | |
infiltrative | 1 (0.2) | 4 (0.9) | 5 | |
Calcification | <0.001 | |||
No calcification | 408 (74.6) | 190 (40.9) | 598 | |
Macrocalcification | 39 (7.1) | 18 (3.9) | 57 | |
Microcalcification | 34 (6.2) | 213 (45.9) | 247 | |
Mixed calcification | 7 (1.3) | 43 (9.3) | 50 | |
Hyperechoic spot | 59 (10.8) | 0 (0.0) | 59 | |
Shape | <0.001 | |||
Wider than tall | 522 (95.4) | 317 (68.3) | 839 | |
Taller than wide | 25 (4.6) | 147 (31.7) | 172 | |
Vascularization | 0.070 | |||
Avascular | 215 (39.3) | 200 (43.1) | 415 | |
Hypovascular | 223 (40.8) | 200 (43.1) | 423 | |
Hypervascular or penetrating vessel | 109 (19.9) | 64 (13.8) | 173 | |
Halo sign | <0.001 | |||
Absent | 414 (75.7) | 420 (90.5) | 834 | |
Partly | 26 (4.8) | 4 (0.9) | 30 | |
Complete fine | 107 (19.6) | 40 (8.6) | 147 | |
Capsule | <0.001 | |||
Absent | 460 (84.1) | 445 (95.9) | 905 | |
Present | 87 (15.9) | 19 (4.1) | 106 | |
Cervical lymph node | <0.001 | |||
Normal | 537 (98.2) | 410 (88.4) | 947 | |
Lymphadenopathy | 10 (1.8) | 54 (11.6) | 64 | |
