Figure 1

The narrow band spectrogram of S1 to S6 shows the energy of the sentence as a function of time and frequency (a). The CC index was calculated between the spectrogram of S1 and S2–S6 (c). The second “i” from the sentence “the silly boy’s hiding” was selected as an example. The spectra of “i” from 0 to 5000 Hz were plotted for each type of sentence (b). Similar color coding was used for all following figures. The representative peaks in S1, S2, and S3 share the same frequencies, although the magnitudes were slightly different. For each voiced syllable, the CC index was calculated between the spectra of S1 and S2–S6. The CC index was averaged across all voiced syllables (n = 9) in the sentence. The averaged CC index and the standard deviation were plotted for each sentence as solid circles and error bars (c). The CC index was also calculated between the spectrogram of S1 and S2–S6, as shown in open squares (c).