Table 5 Multivariable logistic regression analysis for factors associated with in-hospital mortality in AKI patients with or without operations.

Age (per 10 years increase)

1.27 (1.19–1.37)

<0.001

1.35 (1.23–1.48)

<0.001

1.14 (1.00–1.29)

0.046

Sex (male vs female)

1.34 (1.07–1.69)

0.013

1.38 (1.04–1.82)

0.026

1.24 (0.81–1.88),

0.324

History of CVD (yes or no)

1.25 (0.98–1.58)

0.075

0.99 (0.74–1.33)

0.949

1.85 (1.18–2.90)

0.007

Diabetes (yes or no)

1.10(0.84–1.42)

0.496

1.24 (0.91–1.68)

0.168

0.76 (0.45–1.30)

0.321

CKD (yes or no)

1.03 (0.79–1.34)

0.845

0.93 (0.67–1.28)

0.635

1.38 (0.83–2.30)

0.215

Immediate diagnosis

Reference

Reference

Reference

Omission diagnosis

0.76 (0.55–1.04)

0.090

1.06 (0.72–1.57)

0.766

0.40 (0.23–0.71)

0.002

Delayed diagnosis

1.08 (0.66–1.76)

0.756

1.40 (0.74–2.63)

0.303

0.68 (0.31–1.49)

0.331

Severe comorbidity (yes or no)

5.58 (4.64–7.21)

<0.001

4.57 (3.49–5.98)

<0.001

9.29 (6.19–13.95)

<0.001

Stage 1

Reference

Reference

Reference

Stage 2

2.37 (1.81–3.10)

<0.001

2.60 (1.87–3.61)

<0.001

2.00 (1.24–3.24)

0.005

Stage 3

3.52 (2.65–4.68)

<0.001

4.07 (2.88–5.74)

<0.001

2.55 (1.49–4.37)

0.001

North

Reference

Reference

Reference

Southeast

0.53 (0.39–0.71)

<0.001

0.50 (0.34–0.72)

<0.001

0.58 (0.33–1.04)

0.069

Northwest

1.84 (1.24–2.74)

0.002

1.62 (0.99–2.65)

0.053

2.47 (1.22–4.99)

0.012

Southwest

0.95 (0.58–1.54)

0.824

0.84 (0.47–1.51)

0.569

1.26 (0.50–3.21)

0.628

RRT indication (yes or no)

1.84 (1.33–2.54)

<0.001

2.22 (1.49–3.33)

<0.001

1.20 (0.67–2.15)

0.541

Renal referral (yes or no)

0.58 (0.42–0.80)

<0.001

0.50 (0.33–0.74)

0.001

0.77 (0.43–1.38)

0.376

Academic vs local hospital

1.28 (0.97–1.68)

0.081

1.37 (0.99–1.89)

0.060

1.32 (0.76–2.27)

0.326

Tertile 1

Reference

Reference

Reference

Tertile 2

0.64 (0.42–0.96)

0.030

0.66 (0.40–1.09)

0.105

0.66 (0.31–1.43)

0.296

Tertile 3

1.40 (0.97–2.04)

0.075

1.29 (0.83–2.02)

0.258

1.69 (0.83–3.45)

0.149