Table 3 Age-specific odds ratios of maternal obstetric complications in relation to depression.

From: Obstetric outcomes in pregnant women with and without depression: population-based comparison

Age, years

Depressed N = 5064

Non-depressed N = 20024

Odds ratio (95% confidence interval)

n

(%)

n

(%)

Crude

Adjusted

 <25 yr N

578

 

2311

   

 Hyperemesis

265

(45.9)

904

(39.1)

1.31 (1.09–1.57)**

1.29 (1.05–1.59)*

 Abortion

18

(3.1)

62

(2.7)

1.17 (0.68–1.99)

1.16 (0.63–2.13)

 Malpresentation

53

(9.2)

154

(6.7)

1.41 (1.02–1.96)*

1.48 (1.03–2.13)*

 Normal spontaneous delivery

399

(69.0)

1779

(77.0)

0.67 (0.55–0.82)***

0.63 (0.50–0.78)***

 Cesarean Section

175

(30.3)

528

(22.9)

1.47 (1.20–1.80)***

1.58 (1.26–1.98)***

 Intrauterine fetal death

3

(0.5)

6

(0.3)

2.00 (0.50–8.04)

1.72 (0.34–8.61)

25–34 yr N

3698

 

14792

   

 Hyperemesis

1471

(39.8)

5391

(36.5)

1.15 (1.07–1.24)***

1.14 (1.05–1.23)**

 Abortion

127

(3.4)

370

(2.5)

1.39 (1.13–1.70)**

1.46 (1.17–1.82)***

 Malpresentation

460

(12.4)

1536

(10.4)

1.23 (1.10–1.37)***

1.25 (1.11–1.41)***

 Normal spontaneous delivery

2237

(60.5)

9831

(66.5)

0.77 (0.72–0.83)***

0.79 (0.72–0.85)***

 Cesarean Section

1448

(39.2)

4914

(33.2)

1.29 (1.20–1.39)***

1.27 (1.17–1.38)***

 Intrauterine fetal death

24

(0.7)

61

(0.4)

1.58 (0.98–2.53)

1.63 (0.98–2.71)

> = 35 yr N

788

 

2921

   

 Hyperemesis

252

(32.0)

822

(28.1)

1.20 (1.01–1.42)*

1.17 (0.97–1.40)

 Abortion

20

(2.5)

82

(2.8)

0.90 (0.55–1.48)

0.93 (0.55–1.56)

 Malpresentation

109

(13.8)

411

(14.1)

0.98 (0.78–1.23)

0.99 (0.77–1.26)

 Normal spontaneous delivery

364

(46.2)

1423

(48.7)

0.90 (0.77–1.06)

0.92 (0.77–1.09)

 Cesarean Section

413

(52.4)

1482

(50.7)

1.07 (0.91–1.25)

1.04 (0.88–1.24)

 Intrauterine fetal death

10

(1.3)

20

(0.7)

1.86 (0.87–4.00)

1.88 (0.84–4.20)

  1. Adjusted odds ratio was estimated using logistic regression controlling for geographic region, hypertension, hyperthyroidism, anemia and medication.
  2. Interaction between age and depression was significant for Cesarean section (p = 0.03), but not for hyperemesis (p = 0.44), abortion (p = 0.25), malpresentation (p = 0.12), normal spontaneous delivery (p = 0.06) and intrauterine fetal death (p = 0.90).