Table 4 Risk factors of acquisition of ST131 in community-onset ESBL-producing E. coli bacteremia: Univariate Analysis.
Risk factors | ST131 (n = 58) | Non-ST131 (n = 66) | OR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age in years, median (IQR) | 73.5 (61.5–80.0) | 68.5 (59.0–74.0) | 0.057 | |
Male sex | 24 (41) | 28 (42) | 0.959 (0.469–1.961) | 0.909 |
Associated disease | ||||
Diabetes mellitus | 26 (45) | 16 (24) | 2.495 (1.162–5.356) | 0.019 |
Heart failure | 0 (0) | 4 (6) | 0.119 (0.004–3.174) | 0.204 |
Chronic pulmonary disease | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | 1.139 (0.070–18.621) | 0.928 |
Chronic renal insufficiency | 13 (22) | 5 (8) | 3.317 (1.116–9.856) | 0.031 |
Liver cirrhosis | 1 (2) | 2 (3) | 0.673 (0.063–7.163) | 0.743 |
Chemotherapy | 8 (14) | 22 (33) | 0.333 (0.136–0.818) | 0.016 |
Vascular disease | 10 (17) | 7 (11) | 1.718 (0.609–4.844) | 0.306 |
Transplantation | 1 (2) | 5 (8) | 0.292 (0.040–2.119) | 0.223 |
Immunosuppression | 3 (5) | 3 (5) | 1.145 (0.222–5.906) | 0.872 |
Major surgery 30 d before infection | 11 (19) | 25 (38) | 0.394 (0.173–0.895) | 0.026 |
Charlson comorbidity index ≥ 2 | 30 (52) | 42 (64) | 0.617 (0.301–1.266) | 0.188 |
Device | ||||
Urinary catheter | 5 (9) | 5 (8) | 1.150 (0.316–4.189) | 0.833 |
Tracheostomy/intubation | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | 1.139 (0.070–18.621) | 0.928 |
Nasogastric tube | 0 (0) | 3 (5) | 0.155 (0.005–4.836) | 0.288 |
Any device | 5 (9) | 6 (9) | 0.957 (0.276–3.315) | 0.945 |
Previous antibiotics within last month | ||||
Penicillin | 4 (7) | 3 (5) | 1.498 (0.322–6.965) | 0.606 |
Cephalosporin | ||||
First generation | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | 1.139 (0.070–18.621) | 0.928 |
Second generation | 1 (2) | 4 (6) | 0.363 (0.046–2.832) | 0.335 |
Third generation | 8 (14) | 7 (11) | 1.335 (0.453–3.940) | 0.600 |
Carbapenem | 3 (5) | 6 (9) | 0.587 (0.142–2.422) | 0.461 |
Fluoroquinolone | 2 (3) | 8 (12) | 0.305 (0.066–1.398) | 0.126 |
Any antibiotics | 18 (31) | 26 (39) | 0.698 (0.332–1.468) | 0.344 |
Source of infection | ||||
Primary | 12 (21) | 20 (30) | 0.610 (0.268–1.389) | 0.239 |
Urinary | 40 (69) | 36 (55) | 1.829 (0.875–3.823) | 0.108 |
Hepatobiliary | 6 (10) | 4 (6) | 1.720 (0.463–6.398) | 0.418 |
Gastrointestinal | 0 (0) | 2 (3) | 0.221 (0.005–9.242) | 0.428 |
Respiratory | 0 (0) | 4 (6) | 0.119 (0.004–3.174) | 0.204 |
Polymicrobial infection | 5 (9) | 7 (11) | 0.815 (0.245–2.718) | 0.740 |
CA | 28 (48) | 29 (44) | 1.188 (0.585–2.411) | 0.634 |
Septic shock/severe sepsis | 16 (28) | 16 (24) | 1.188 (0.531–2.658) | 0.675 |
Pitt bacteremia score ≥ 2 | 12 (21) | 22 (33) | 0.532 (0.236–1.200) | 0.128 |
30-day mortality | 4 (7) | 12 (18) | 0.360 (0.111–1.163) | 0.088 |
