Figure 3 | Scientific Reports

Figure 3

From: Targeted Metabolomics Reveals Abnormal Hepatic Energy Metabolism by Depletion of β-Carotene Oxygenase 2 in Mice

Figure 3

Oxidative stress markers are enhanced in the BCO2 KO mouse liver. (A–F) Metabolites associated with one carbon metabolism. (G and H) Glutathione-associated metabolites. (I) Metabolite associated with amino acid peroxidation. (J) Simplified scheme about one carbon and glutathione metabolism pathways. Protein expression of glutathione disulfide reductase (GSR) (K) nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) (L) and heat shock protein 60 (HSP60)(M) by immunoblotting and subsequent quantification. Values are means ± SD. Data was analyzed by one-way ANOVA. n = 6. Different letters indicate significant difference between groups. P-value ≤ 0.05 is considered as significant. SAM, S-adenosyl methionine; SAH, S-adenosylhomocysteine; 4-HNE-GSH, 4-hydroxy-2(E)-nonenal-glutathione; 13/9-HODE, 13/9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid; BHMT, betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase; GCS, γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase; GS, glutathione synthase; GGT, γ-glutamyltransferase; WT, wild type; Het, BCO2 heterozygous mice; KO, BCO2 knockout mice.

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