Figure 3
From: The NOD2 receptor is crucial for immune responses towards New World Leishmania species
NOD2 plays an important role in the cytokines after Leishmania stimulation. (A,B) Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs, 5 × 105 cells/100 μL) from healthy individuals (n = 8) carrying no mutation in NOD2 (3020insC) (Wt; white bars) and from individuals carrying a mutation in NOD2 receptor (n = 4; grey bars) were stimulated with either lysates (50 μg/mL) or promastigotes (1 × 105 parasites) of Leishmania species (L. (L.) amazonensis: L. amaz; L. (V.) braziliensis: L. braz); Medium (non-stimulated cells), MDP (10 μg/mL) and LPS (10 ng/mL) were used as controls. (A) TNFα, IL-6 and IL-1β concentrations were determined in supernatants by ELISA after 24 h incubation. (B) IFNγ and IL-17 were determined after 7 days of incubation in supernatants by ELISA; Data represent the mean ± SEM, *p < 0.05; Mann-Whitney U-test (Wt vs 3020insC). (C) Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs, 5 × 105 cells/100 μL) from healthy individuals were stimulated with either lysates (50 μg/mL) or promastigotes (1 × 105 parasites) of Leishmania species (L. (L.) amazonensis: L. amaz; L. (V.) braziliensis: L. braz) in the presence (grey bars) or absence (white bars) of the Ponatinib (100 nM); Medium (non-stimulated cells) plus Vehicle (DMSO) and MDP (10 μg/mL) were used as controls. TNFα, IL-6 and IL-1β concentrations were determined by ELISA, after 24 h incubation. Data represent the mean ± SEM, *p < 0.05; (DMSO vs Ponatinib; n = 6, in 2 independent experiments done in duplicates, by Wilcoxon test).
