Table 5 Participant characteristics and metabolic parameters of participants stratified into subgroups according to the proposed InsuTAG cut-off of 11.2.

From: InsuTAG: A novel physiologically relevant predictor for insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome

 

InsuTAG < 11.2 n = 364

InsuTAG ≥11.2 n = 122

p-value

Gender (n, (%))

Male

153

(42.03)

50

(40.98)

0.839*

Female

211

(57.97)

72

(59.02)

0.839*

Age (years)

78.18

±7.20

76.57

±6.94

0.031

Waist Circumference (cm)

94.51

±11.79

104.65

±12.45

<0.0001

Height (m)

1.63

±0.09

1.62

±0.10

0.762

Weight (kg)

71.62

±13.43

82.57

±14.87

<0.0001

BMI (kg/m2)

26.96

±4.21

31.25

±4.36

<0.0001

Metabolic Syndrome† (n, (%))

84

(24.56)

83

(74.34)

<0.0001*

Dietary Energy Intake (Cal/day)

1959

±732

2008

±705

0.516

Protein (g/day)

90.98

±36.30

90.36

±31.80

0.868

Fat (g/day)

68.89

±32.59

69.10

±29.75

0.951

Saturated Fat (%Energy/day)

10.73

±3.41

10.59

±2.68

0.671

Fibre (g/day)

31.68

±14.80

32.18

±15.22

0.749

Physical Activity ‡ (n, (%))

High

95

(26.61)

25

(20.83)

0.203§

Moderate

194

(54.34)

69

(57.50)

0.544§

Low

55

(15.41)

19

(15.83)

0.912§

Sedentary

13

(3.64)

7

(5.83)

0.269§

Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)

145.22

±21.25

148.49

±19.63

0.183

Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)

74.03

±9.77

76.64

±9.26

0.021

Fasting Glucose (mmol/L)

5.14

±0.54

5.46

±0.51

<0.0001

Fasting Insulin (μIU/L)

5.0

(3.7–6.9)

11.3

(8.5–14.4)

<0.0001||

HbA1c (%)

5.71

±0.32

5.76

±0.39

0.213

HbA1c (mmol/mol)

39

±3.20

39

±4.30

0.213

Total Cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.66

±1.00

4.78

±1.07

0.269

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

1.01

(0.79–1.30)

1.87

(1.43–2.31)

<0.0001||

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.56

±0.89

2.63

±0.97

0.443

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.57

(1.32–1.82)

1.26

(1.08–1.52)

<0.0001||

Total-C/HDL-C

2.90

(2.40–3.50)

3.60

(3.00–4.70)

<0.0001

HOMA-IR

1.15

(0.82–1.62)

2.67

(2.05–3.55)

<0.0001||

TyG

5.25

(4.00–6.54)

10.29

(7.69–12.60)

<0.0001||

TG/HDL-C

0.66

(0.48–0.89)

1.41

(1.07–1.91)

<0.0001||

  1. Data presented as mean ± SD or median (IQR, expressed as the 25th–75th percentile) unless otherwise specified. Metabolic Syndrome categorised according to IDF criteria. Differences between groups (InsuTAG <11.2 versus InsuTAG ≥11.2) assessed using two-tailed independent sample t-test unless otherwise specified. *Differences assessed using chi-squared analysis. †Incomplete data for metabolic syndrome for 35 participants (InsuTAG <11.2: n = 26; InsuTAG ≥11.2: n = 9). ‡Incomplete data for physical activity for 9 participants (InsuTAG <11.2: n = 7; InsuTAG ≥11.2 n = 2). §Differences assessed using a two-sample test of proportion. ||Non-parametric data assessed using Mann-Whitney U test. BMI: body mass index. Total-C/HDL-C: Total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol. HOMA-IR: Homeostatic model assessment for Insulin Resistance. TyG: Triglycerides × glucose. TG/HDL-C: Triglycerides/HDL-cholesterol.
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