Figure 3 | Scientific Reports

Figure 3

From: Bone regeneration is associated with the concentration of tumour necrosis factor-α induced by sericin released from a silk mat

Figure 3

Sericin-induced TNF-α expression in RAW264.7 cells. (A) The expression level of TNF-α was increased by the administration of sericin in a dose-dependent manner. (B) The protein solution of silk mat from each layer was administered to RAW264.7 cells. Because the concentration of dissolved protein was different for each silk mat, the expression level of TNF-α in each silk mat was also different. The expression level of TNF-α was highest in the layer 1 group followed by that of the layer 4 group. (C) According to the ELISA results, TNF-α was not detected in 1 to 5 ng/ml of sericin at 2 h. However, the concentrations of TNF-α at 24 h were 209.07 ± 35.59, 602.97 ± 88.55, and 982.71 ± 8.30 pg/ml for the 1, 5 and 10 ng/ml sericin groups, respectively. The difference among groups was statistically significant (P < 0.001).

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