Table 2 Comparison of general characteristics among hypertension, prehypertension, and normotension groups by sex.

Variables

(n = 2131)

(n = 1481)

(n = 614)

(n = 4939)

(n = 764)

(n = 170)

Age (years)

29.03 ± 0.2

29.9 ± 0.2

31.4 ± 0.3

<0.01

29.5 ± 0.1

30.6 ± 0.3

33.4 ± 0.4

<0.01

Smoking

0.36

0.05

Non

86.4(0.6)

85.2(1.5)

80.4(3.8)

33.3(1.2)

33.7(1.5)

29.4(2.1)

Ex-smoker

5.1(0.4)

5.8(1.1)

6.1(2.1)

11.2(0.8)

12(0.9)

16.1(1.7)

Current

8.6(0.5)

9(1.3)

13.5(3.4)

55.5(1.2)

54.3(1.5)

54.4(2.4)

<0.01

Non-drinker

20.3(0.7)

18.9(1.6)

16.9(3.3)

8.2(0.7)

7.4(0.8)

5.8(1.1)

Mild to moderate-Drinker

76.1(0.8)

74.4(1.9)

75.2(4)

78.8(1)

72.5(1.3)

65.3(2.1)

Heavy-drinker

3.6(0.4)

6.7(1.2)

7.9(2.6)

13.1(0.9)

20.1(1.2)

28.8(2)

Exercise

0.30

0.75

Regular

7.2(0.5)

8.8(1.3)

5.2(2)

16(0.9)

17.8(1.2)

16.3(1.7)

Non-regular

79.1(0.7)

78.9(1.8)

77.3(3.7)

66(1.2)

65.4(1.4)

65.9(2.2)

No exercise

13.7(0.6)

12.3(1.3)

17.5(3.2)

18(1)

16.8(1.1)

17.8(1.7)

0.01

0.01

Lowest quartile

7.8(0.6)

7.1(1)

15.3(3.2)

9.8(0.9)

8(0.8)

9.5(1.5)

Middle quartile

61.2(1)

64(2.1)

60.9(4.1)

59.4(1.3)

59.7(1.6)

64(2.2)

Highest quartile

31(0.9)

28.9(1.9)

23.7(3.4)

30.8(1.3)

32.3(1.6)

26.5(2)

Atopic dermatitis (%)

5.5(0.4)

6.3(1)

6.1(2.1)

0.77

4.6(0.5)

4.6(0.6)

5.4(1.1)

0.79

Allergic Rhinitis (%)

22.9(1.3)

24.5(3)

16.2(5.9)

0.54

21.3(2)

17.7(1.9)

20.2(3)

0.37

Education ( ≥ 12 years) (%)

50(0.9)

44.2(2.2)

33.7(4.1)

<0.01

42(1.3)

47.4(1.5)

48.2(2.4)

0.01

Psychological Stress (%)

36(0.8)

39.3(2.1)

42(4.4)

0.13

29.2(1.1)

30.1(1.4)

35.8(2.2)

0.02

Mean sleep hours

7.2 ± 0.1

7.3 ± 0.1

7.1 ± 0.1

0.64

6.9 ± 0.0

6.9 ± 0.0

6.9 ± 0.1

0.85

Depression (%)

14.9(0.6)

15.5(1.6)

15.7(3.4)

0.93

8.5(0.7)

7.7(0.8)

7.9(1.2)

0.71

Vitamin D (mg/dl)

17.2 ± 0.3

17.4 ± 0.2

17.4 ± 0.3

0.81

15.4 ± 0.1

15.6 ± 0.3

15.6 ± 0.5

0.68