Table 2 Results of psychological and behavioral assessments.

From: Encoding of menstrual pain experience with theta oscillations in women with primary dysmenorrhea

 

PDM (n = 46)

CON (n = 46)

P

STAI-state (range, 20–80)

 MENS phase

42.96 ± 9.47

33.74 ± 6.38

<0.0001*

 POV phase

37.13 ± 7.57

31.80 ± 6.10

0.0002*

STAI-trait (range, 20–80)

 MENS phase

45.24 ± 8.69

38.44 ± 6.74

<0.0001*

 POV phase

44.84 ± 8.70

36.74 ± 6.51

<0.0001*

BDI (range, 0–63)

 MENS phase

12.26 ± 9.76

5.09 ± 4.57

<0.0001*

 POV phase

7.30 ± 8.32

3.96 ± 5.17

0.023

BAI (range, 0–63)

 MENS phase

12.46 ± 8.51

2.91 ± 2.96

<0.0001*

 POV phase

7.74 ± 6.29

3.07 ± 3.00

<0.0001*

PCS total scores (range, 0–52)

 MENS phase

21.28 ± 12.68

6.85 ± 7.25

<0.0001*

 POV phase

19.78 ± 11.41

6.18 ± 7.65

<0.0001*

Pain rumination (range, 0–16)

 MENS phase

7.93 ± 4.75

2.80 ± 3.01

<0.0001*

 POV phase

7.74 ± 4.49

2.38 ± 3.09

<0.0001*

Pain helplessness (range, 0–24)

 MENS phase

9.85 ± 6.21

2.80 ± 3.32

<0.0001*

 POV phase

8.63 ± 5.46

2.58 ± 3.51

<0.0001*

Pain magnification (range, 0–12)

 MENS phase

3.50 ± 2.68

1.24 ± 1.72

<0.0001*

 POV phase

3.41 ± 2.65

1.22 ± 1.72

<0.0001*

  1. *Denotes a significant between-group difference at p < 0.05 with Bonferroni correction. PDM, primary dysmenorrhea; CON, healthy controls; MENS, menstruation; POV, periovulatory; STAI, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; BAI, Beck Anxiety Inventory; PCS, Pain Catastrophizing Scale.
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