Figure 5

Cytokine release in 3T3-L1 and bEnd.3 cells stimulated with LPS. 3T3-L1 (Fig. 5A–C) and bEnd.3 (Fig. 5D–F) cells were treated with different doses of UP Ec LPS, STD Pg LPS or UP Pg LPS (0 to 10,000 ng.mL−1) for 20 h. TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1 concentrations were measured in the cell culture supernatants by ELISA. Comparisons between different treatments have been analyzed by two-way ANOVA test followed by a Dunnett’s test. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 3 per group). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 compared to 0 ng.mL−1 LPS.