Figure 7

Fibre analysis of native bovine annulus fibrosus. Collagen bundles in a cropped volume (1460 × 1030 × 1140 µm) of AF (a) can be correlated to cylinder template (b) and individual traced fibres (c). The 3D orientation of each fibre is calculated and plotted (d). The angle relative to the z axis (θ) is displayed using a colour map and the angle in the x-y plane (ϕ, 0–360) is shown on the orientation sphere (d) where bar height is frequency.