Table 3 Behaviors in response to the exposure of Varroa mite.

From: Genomic and transcriptomic analysis of the Asian honeybee Apis cerana provides novel insights into honeybee biology

Groups

 

Shaking (Total time in five minutes)

Grooming (# of times in five minutes)

Intensive Shaking1 (Mean ± SD)

Normal shaking1 (Mean ± SD)

Self-grooming2 (Mean ± SD)

 

Allogrooming2 (Mean ± SD)

Apis cerana (without mite)

I

3.00 ± 2.00

 

20.80 ± 3.01

 

1.80 ± 0.20

 

N/A

 

II

1.00 ± 1.00

 

16.60 ± 1.54

 

2.00 ± 0.00

 

N/A

 

III

0.80 ± 0.80

 

16.00 ± 1.41

 

2.40 ± 0.24

 

N/A

 

Ave

1.60 ± 0.97

a

17.80 ± 4.90

a

2.07 ± 2.40

a

  

Apis cerana (with mites)

I

120.00 ± 14.00

 

220.00 ± 14.47

 

32.80 ± 5.24

 

8.00 ± 3.40

 

II

117.00 ± 15.09

 

254.40 ± 13.74

 

39.40 ± 4.93

 

10.40 ± 2.02

 

III

130.00 ± 13.16

 

210.20 ± 17.07

 

36.20 ± 3.48

 

10.80 ± 4.32

 

Ave

122.33 ± 19.44

b

228.37 ± 14.96

b

36.13 ± 6.02

b

9.73 ± 4.46

a

Apis mellifera (without mite)

I

N/A

 

26.40 ± 0.93

 

1.60 ± 0.25

 

N/A

 

II

N/A

 

24.00 ± 0.71

 

1.60 ± 0.25

 

N/A

 

III

N/A

 

24.00 ± 1.30

 

1.00 ± 0.32

 

N/A

 

Ave

  

24.80 ± 5.88

a

1.40 ± 0.68

a

  

Apis mellifera (with mite)

I

0.80 ± 0.80

 

19.80 ± 0.80

 

5.40 ± 1.03

 

1.00 ± 0.00

 

II

2.00 ± 2.00

 

23.60 ± 1.78

 

6.60 ± 1.66

 

1.40 ± 0.24

 

III

1.60 ± 1.16

 

24.40 ± 1.72

 

5.80 ± 2.06

 

1.60 ± 0.24

 

Ave

1.47 ± 0.97

a

22.60 ± 8.30

a

5.93 ± 4.77

c

1.33 ± 1.08

b

  1. 1Seconds; 2number of times
  2. One-way ANOVA. Tukey’s HSD (honestly significant differences), p < 0.05. Different letters indicate statistically significant difference among different groups (N = 15).
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