Table 1 Clinical characteristics of study subjects stratified by quartiles of ECR.
From: Urinary endotrophin predicts disease progression in patients with chronic kidney disease
Patient number ECR (IQR) | All | ECR Quartile | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 499) (0.3–2.2) | 1 (n = 125) (0.1–0.2) | 2 (n = 126) (0.3–0.5) | 3 (n = 123) (0.9–1.7) | 4 (n = 125) (3.6–8.8) | ||
Age (years) | 64 (50–76) | 60 (49–72) | 65 (50–78) | 66 (52–78) | 66 (54–76) | 0.02 |
Gender (male) | 307 (61.5) | 79 (63.2) | 71 (56.3) | 79 (64.2) | 78 (62.4) | 0.57 |
Ethnicity | ||||||
White | 360 (72.2) | 97 (77.6) | 95 (75.4) | 85 (69.1) | 83 (66.4) | 0.16 |
Black | 44 (8.8) | 13 (10.4) | 11 (8.7) | 13 (10.6) | 7 (5.6) | 0.48 |
South Asian | 90 (18.0) | 14 (11.2) | 19 (15.8) | 23 (18.7) | 34 (27.2) | 0.008 |
Other | 5 (1.0) | 1 (0.8) | 1 (0.8) | 2 (1.6) | 1 (0.8) | 0.89 |
Primary renal diagnosis | ||||||
Ischaemia/hypertension | 130 (26.1) | 30 (24.0) | 35 (27.8) | 31 (25.2) | 34 (27.2) | 0.9 |
Diabetes mellitus | 48 (9.6) | 11 (8.8) | 4 (3.2) | 11 (8.9) | 22 (17.6) | 0.002 |
Glomerulonephritis | 83 (16.6) | 34 (27.2) | 23 (18.3) | 18 (14.6) | 8 (6.4) | 0.0002 |
Polycystic kidney disease | 29 (5.8) | 6 (4.8) | 10 (7.9) | 10 (8.1) | 3 (2.4) | 0.16 |
Other/Unknown | 209 (41.9) | 44 (35.2) | 54 (42.8) | 53 (43.2) | 58 (46.4) | 0.33 |
Co-morbidities | ||||||
Malignancy | 72 (14.4) | 15 (12.0) | 19 (12.7) | 17 (13.8) | 21 (16.8) | 0.74 |
Diabetes mellitus | 183 (36.7) | 39 (31.2) | 37 (29.4) | 47 (38.2) | 61 (48.8) | 0.006 |
COPD | 60 (12.0) | 16 (12.8) | 22 (17.5) | 11 (8.9) | 11 (8.8) | 0.12 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 54 (10.8) | 15 (12.0) | 13 (10.3) | 11 (8.9) | 15 (12.0) | 0.84 |
Ischaemic heart disease | 112 (22.4) | 30 (24.0) | 30 (23.8) | 22 (17.9) | 30 (24.0) | 0.58 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 51 (10.2) | 12 (9.6) | 11 (8.7) | 16 (13.0) | 12 (9.6) | 0.69 |
Age-adjusted CCI (score ≥ 5) | 278 (55.7) | 52 (41.6) | 73 (57.9) | 72 (58.5) | 81 (64.8) | 0.0004 |
Smoking (Current) | 67 (13.4) | 21 (16.8) | 20 (15.9) | 15 (12.2) | 11 (8.8) | 0.31 |
Socioeconomic status | 29.0 (16.5–45.1) | 28.7 (16.3–44.1) | 25.5 (15.3–45.1) | 33 (19.3–44.6) | 27 (17–47) | 0.66 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 29 (25–33) | 30 (26–33) | 29 (25–32) | 28 (25–33) | 28 (24–35) | 0.53 |
Systolic BP (mmHg) | 124 (114–139) | 119 (109–129) | 123 (113–140) | 126 (116–142) | 127 (116–148) | <0.0001 |
Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 74 (67–83) | 74 (66–82) | 75 (67–81) | 74 (67–84) | 75 (68–83) | 0.92 |
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 91 (84-99) | 90 (83–96) | 91 (84–98) | 94 (84–101) | 94 (86–100) | 0.02 |
Pulse pressure (mmHg) | 48 (37–63) | 42 (34–53) | 49 (36–66) | 51 (39–65) | 51 (40–68) | <0.0001 |
Serum creatinine (μmol/L) | 203 (161–259) | 158 (137–197) | 189 (149-225) | 216 (181–260) | 270 (222-345) | <0.0001 |
Cystatin C (mg/L) | 2.5 (2.0–3.1) | 1.9 (1.6–2.3) | 2.3 (1.8-2.8) | 2.5 (2.0–3.0) | 3.1 (2.6–3.7) | <0.0001 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2 ) | 27 (20–35) | 36 (28–46) | 28 (23–38) | 25 (20–29) | 18 (14–24) | <0.0001 |
ACR (mg/mmol) | 32 (6–128) | 10 (2–76) | 23 (6–129) | 47 (9–163) | 77 (15–184) | <0.0001 |
CRP (mg/L) | 3.1 (1.5–6.8) | 2.8 (1.1–6.5) | 3.6 (1.5–8.0) | 2.7 (1.5–5.0) | 3.9 (1.9–8.1) | 0.18 |
