Table 2 The details of benchmark functions.
Function | Name | Searching range | Global optimum | Dimension | Modality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F1 | Sphere | [−5.12, 5.12] | 0 | 10/30/50 | unimodal |
F2 | Generalized Griewank | [−600, 600] | 0 | 10/30/50 | multimodal |
F3 | Stretched_V sine | [−10, 10] | 0 | 10/30/50 | multimodal |
F4 | Generalized Rastrigin’s | [−5.12, 5.12] | 0 | 10/30/50 | multimodal |
F5 | Generalized Rosenbrock’s | [−2.048, 2.048] | 0 | 10/30/50 | unimodal |
F6 | Quartic | [−1.28, 1.28] | 0 | 10/30/50 | unimodal |
F7 | Schwefel’s problem 2.22 | [−10, 10] | 0 | 10/30/50 | unimodal |
F8 | Alpine | [−10, 10] | 0 | 10/30/50 | multimodal |
F9 | Salomon | [−100, 100] | 0 | 10/30/50 | multimodal |
F10 | Zakharov | [−5, 10] | 0 | 10/30/50 | unimodal |
