Table 1 The main components of N. cataria species depends on agricultural practices, soil, age of the plant, collection period, drying, extraction methods, climate and geographic origin (NPL – nepetalactone).

This study

Flowering aerial parts (Burundi)

4aα,7α,7aα-NPL (72.4 %)

β-Caryopyllene (10.2 %)

trans-β-Ocimene (3.8 %)

⁵⁸

Aerial parts (USA)

NPL (77.6 %)

Epinepetalactone (15 %)

Caryophyllene (2.8 %)

⁵⁹

Flowering aerial parts (France)

4aα,7α,7aβ-NPL (56.9 %)

Caryophyllene oxide (18.2 %)

β-Caryophyllene (6.2 %)

⁶⁰

Aerial parts, bloom stage (Argentina)

NPL (57.3 %)

Caryophyllene oxide (19.4 %)

β-Caryophyllene (8.1 %)

⁶¹

Aerial parts (Balkan mountain, Bulgaria)

4aα,7α,7aβ-NPL (78.0 %)

4aβ,7α,7aα-NPL (56.9 %)

Nepetalic acid (1.6 %)

⁴²

Flowering aerial parts (France)

Nerol (28.2 %)

Geraniol (27.6 %)

Citronellol (15.1 %)

⁶²

Flowering aerial parts (USA)

(Z,E)-NPL (54.6 %)

(E,Z)-NPL (31.9 %)

β-caryophyllene (11.6 %)

⁶³

Flowering aerial parts (Iran)

4aα,7α,7aβ-NPL (28.8 %)

1,8–Cineole (13.5 %)

4aα,7β,7aα-NPL (11.9 %)

⁶⁴

Flowering aerial parts (Turkey)

4aα,7α,7aβ-NPL (70.4 %)

4aα,7α,7aα-NPL (6 %)

4aα,7β,7aα-NPL (2.5 %)

⁴³

- (Pakistan)

1,8-Cineole (21 %)

α-Humulene (14.4 %)

α-pinene (10.4 %)

⁴⁰

4-aerial develop-mental stages (Iran)

4aα,7α,7aβ-NPL (55–59 %)

4aα,7β,7aα-NPL (30–31.2 %)

α-Pinene (2.7–4.6%)

⁶⁵

Flowers (UK)    Chemotype A:   Chemotype B:

4aS,7S,7aR-NPL (92 %) 4aS,7S,7aR-NPL (17 %)

(4aS,7S,7aS)-NPL (4aS,7S,7aS)-NPL (69.8 %)

(E)-(1R,9S)-Caryophyllene (8 %) (E)-(1R,9S)-Caryophyllene (13.2 %)

²⁵

3-aerial develop-mental stages (Iran)

4aα,7α,7aβ-NPL (55–58 %)

4aα,7β,7aα-NPL (30–31.2 %)

α-Pinene(2.7–4.6%)

⁶⁶

Flowering stage (Morocco)

4aα,7α,7aβ-NPL (77.4 %)

Dihydronepetalactone (5 %)

Limonene (4.1 %)

⁶⁷

Aerial parts (Turkey)

NPL (27.5 %)

1,8-Cineole (10.8 %)

Germacrene D (9.2 %)