Table 1 Drug effect severity scores for C. elegans. C. elegans were grown in the presence of the indicated concentrations of drug and scored for visible phenotypes.

From: Sertraline, Paroxetine, and Chlorpromazine Are Rapidly Acting Anthelmintic Drugs Capable of Clinical Repurposing

Embryos

DMSO

5 μM

25 μM

50 μM

75 μM

100 μM

125 μM

150 μM

Sertraline

0

0

1

4

4

4

4

4

Paroxetine

0

0

1

3

4

4

4

4

Chlorpromazine

0

0

0

1

3

4

4

4

L1

DMSO

5 μM

25 μM

50 μM

75 μM

100 μM

125 μM

150 μM

Sertraline

0

0

1

4

4

4

4

4

Paroxetine

0

0

1

1

4

4

4

4

Chlorpromazine

0

0

0

0

2

2

4

4

L3/L4

DMSO

5 μM

25 μM

50 μM

75 μM

100 μM

125 μM

150 μM

Sertraline

0

0

0

2

2

3

4

4

Paroxetine

0

0

0

0

1

2

4

4

Chlorpromazine

0

0

0

0

0

1

1

4

Adults

DMSO

5 μM

25 μM

50 μM

75 μM

100 μM

125 μM

150 μM

Sertraline

0

0

1

3

4

4

4

4

Paroxetine

0

0

0

1

4

4

4

4

Chlorpromazine

0

0

0

0

4

4

4

4

  1. All treatments were performed in duplicate wells, N = 50–100 worms/well, with each experiment repeated at least 3 times. Points were assigned for each scored effect based on the scoring descriptors below after 48 h of drug exposure and additive for each phenotype observed, with a maximum allowed total score of 4. Scoring descriptors were assigned when the entire test population exhibited the phenotype. Arrested = 1; Developmental delay = 1; Lethargic = 1; Paralyzed = 1; Toxic (>90% lethality) = 2; Dead = 4.