Table 2 Accuracy of pedicle screw placement among three assisted technologies.

From: Radiological and clinical differences among three assisted technologies in pedicle screw fixation of adult degenerative scoliosis

Screw Position*

Robot-PLIF (n [%])

Template-PLIF (n [%])

CT-based PLIF (n [%])

P value

RP vs TP

RP vs CP

TP vs CP

A

924 (91.3)

720 (81.3)

1073(84.1)

<0.001

<0.001

0.062

B

48 (4.7)

83 (9.4)

114 (8.9)

<0.001

<0.001

0.730

A + B

972 (96.0)

803(90.6)

1187(93.0)

<0.001

0.019

0.043

C

28 (2.8)

33 (3.7)

56 (4.4)

0.238

0.040

0.445

D

6 (0.6)

14 (1.6)

11 (0.9)

0.036

0.456

0.125

E

0 (0.0)

6 (0.7)

2 (0.2)

0.009

0.208

0.050

R

6 (0.6)

30 (3.4)

20 (1.6)

<0.001

0.029

0.006

Total

1012

886

1276

   
  1. *Screw position identified according to Gertzbein and Robbins A to E classification; RP: Robot-PLIF; TP: Drill guide Template-PLIF; CP: CT-based PLIF. Values that appear in boldface are statistically significant (p < 0.05). Grade “R” means some screws trajectory were proposed by the guided device but had to be revised manually.
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