Table 1 Anthropometric and metabolic characteristics of different participant groups.

From: Maternal whole blood cell miRNA-340 is elevated in gestational diabetes and inversely regulated by glucose and insulin

 

Screening group

Validation group

Cord blood group

Lymphocyte donors

Non-pregnant controls

NGT

GDM

P

NGT

GDM

P

mNGT

mGDM

P

NGT

GDM

P

NGT

N

8

8

—

30

30

—

8

8

—

20

18

—

10

Age [years]

33 ± 5

32 ± 3

0.7

32 ± 4

31 ± 4

0.4

   

32 ± 4

31 ± 4

0.3

35 ± 8

Body mass index [kg/m2]

28.1 ± 5.4

29.1 ± 6.1

0.7

29.5 ± 5.6

29.8.2 ± 4.07

0.7

   

27.6 ± 4.0

28.0 ± 4.2

0.2

22.5 ± 3.0

Pregnancy week [weeks]

23.0 ± 9.5

25.9 ± 1.7

0.4

27.6 ± 2.37

27.0 ± 2.3

0.4

   

26.5 ± 2.0

24.8 ± 7.2

0.3

—

Fasting glucose [mmol/L]

4.44 ± 0.27

4.89 ± 0.62

0.09

4.58 ± 0.3

4.87 ± 0.47

0.005

   

4.43 ± 0.21

4.79 ± 0.51

0.01

—

1-h glucose [mmol/L]

7.76 ± 1.21

10.90 ± 0.82

0.00013

7.97 ± 1.64

10.41 ± 1.52

0.0001

   

8.17 ± 1.08

10.79 ± 1.01

0.0003

—

2-h glucose [mmol/L]

6.32 ± 1.31

7.52 ± 1.44

0.1

6.36 ± 1.27

7.94 ± 1.71

0.002

   

6.49 ± 1.06

7.83 ± 1.5

0.01

—

Fasting insulin [pmol/L]

59.88 ± 28.30

126.38 ± 53.70

0.01

68.71 ± 28.15

116.76 ± 44.99

0.006

   

68.71 ± 28.15

116.76 ± 45.0

0.006

—

Insulin sensitivity index[1019 L2/mol2]

13.6 ± 6.8

5.0 ± 2.0

0.03

9.63 ± 4.83

5.46 ± 2.25

0.00005

   

5.54 ± 2.02

7.92 ± 6.43

0.1

—

Maternal weight gain [kg]

6.53 ± 3.38

11.27 ± 9.64

0.2

6.91 ± 3.53

8.52 ± 6.39

0.9

   

7.37 ± 5.64

7.39 ± 9.64

0.4

 

Family history of parental diabetes

Paternal = 0

Maternal = 0

Paternal = 1

Maternal = 0

0.5

Paternal = 0

Maternal = 0

Paternal = 4

Maternal = 1

0.3

   

Paternal = 0

Maternal = 0

Paternal = 2

Maternal = 1

0.8

 

Birth weight [kg]

      

3.38 ± 0.59

3.36 ± 0.51

0.9

    

Birth size [cm]

      

51.2 ± 1.6

51.0 ± 2. 6

0.8

    

Fetal sex [female]

      

4

4

—

    
  1. Table 1 shows anthropometric and metabolic characteristics of the sequencing, validation, cord blood, lymphocyte donor group and non-pregnant control women. All data are given as absolute numbers or means ± SD. Significant differences calculated in a Student’s t-test or Chi-square-test (family history of diabetes) are marked by using bold fonts. Missing values are indicated with a minus. Blank table cells refer to not applicable data.
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