Table 5 Relationship models of soil water and heat in the 10-cm frozen soil layer during the melting period.

From: Effects of soil water and heat relationship under various snow cover during freezing-thawing periods in Songnen Plain, China

 

Treatment

Model of soil water and heat

Coefficient of determination, R2

P value

RE%

NSE

Melting stage

Bare land

θ V  = 13.8 exp(−((T s −9.64)/7.61)2)

0.871

0.031

3.65

0.859

Natural snow

θ V  = −5.847 exp(3.57T s ) + 11.76 exp(0.231T s )

0.831

0.049

4.13

0.836

Compacted snow

θ V  = 8.019 exp(−4.17T s ) + 9.017 exp(−1.624T s )

0.613

0.031

7.41

0.791

Thick snow

\({\theta }_{V}=0.19{T}_{S}^{4}+0.58{T}_{S}^{3}-0.94{T}_{S}^{2}-2.87{T}_{S}+16.87\)

0.531

0.074

7.79

0.774

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