Table 1 Characteristics of study participants with euthyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, and overt hypothyroidism (N = 74,356).

From: Subclinical and overt hypothyroidism is associated with reduced glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria: a large cross-sectional population study

Variable

All Participants (N = 74,356)

Euthyroidism

Subclinical hypothyroidism

Overt hypothyroidism

Total hypothyroidism

P value Euthyroidism vs. subclinical hypothyroidism

P value Euthyroidism vs. overt hypothyroidism

P for trend (euthyroidism, subclinical, and overt hypothyroidism)

Number

73116

1139

101

1240

—

—

 

Male (number, %)

36672 (50.2)

349 (30.6)

30 (29.7)

379 (30.6)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

Age (years)

 Mean (SD)

41.7 (13.4)

46.41 (14.1)

50.71 (13.7)

46.76 (14.1)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

Age ≥ 40 (number, %)

35142 (48.1)

743 (65.2)

76 (75.3)

819 (66.1)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

BMI (kg/m2)

 Mean (SD)

23.10 (3.44)

23.61 (3.66)

24.14 (3.23)

23.65 (3.63)

<0.001

0.002

0.002

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

 Mean (SD)

119.57 (19.00)

123.94 (21.60)

125.71 (25.85)

124.09 (21.97)

<0.001

0.019

0.001

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

 Mean (SD)

72.86 (11.30)

74.78 (12.05)

76.03 (13.43)

74.88 (12.17)

<0.001

0.020

0.005

Mean blood pressure (mmHg)

 Mean (SD)

96.20 (14.03)

99.32 (15.75)

100.60 (17.91)

99.43 (15.93)

<0.001

0.016

0.002

Fasting glucose (mg/dL)

 Mean (SD)

98.26 (21.23)

101.43 (30.17)

100.92 (27.98)

101.39 (29.99)

<0.001

0.341

0.211

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

 Mean (SD)

114.73 (77.89)

126.73 (80.19)

149.86 (105.82)

128.62 (82.77)

<0.001

0.001

<0.001

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

 Mean (SD)

194.93 (36.85)

201.91 (39.43)

246.05 (69.25)

205.50 (44.28)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

Uric acid (mg/dL)

 Mean (SD)

6.06 (1.62)

5.86 (1.62)

6.03 (1.56)

5.87 (1.61)

<0.001

0.878

0.878

TSH (mU/L)

       

Mean (SD)

1.53 (0.78)

7.90 (5.24)

55.21 (61.75)

11.75 (22.37)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

T4 (nM)

 Mean (SD)

7.80 (1.47)

7.22 (1.45)

2.80 (1.45)

6.86 (1.89)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

eGFR (ml/min)

 Mean (SD)

87.99 (17.16)

83.46 (18.06)

72.22 (18.76)

82.55 (18.37)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

Proteinuria (number, %)

 Normal

67916 (92.89)

1042 (91.48)

92 (91.09)

1134 (91.45)

0.066

0.012

0.001

 Trace

4255 (5.82)

72 (6.32)

6 (5.94)

78 (6.29)

   

 1+

575 (0.79)

14 (1.23)

0

14 (1.13)

   

 2+

235 (0.32)

6 (0.53)

2 (1.98)

8 (0.65)

   

 3+

135 (0.18)

5 (0.44)

1 (0.99)

6 (0.48)

   

Hypertension (number, %)

10627 (14.53)

236 (20.72)

24 (23.76)

260 (20.97)

<0.001

0.009

<0.001

Total dysglycemia

21520 (29.43)

379 (33.27)

35 (34.65)

414 (33.39)

0.003

0.493

0.001

 Pre-diabetes (number, %)

18200 (24.89)

308 (27.04)

29 (28.71)

337 (27.18)

   

 Diabetes (number, %)

3320 (4.54)

71 (6.23)

6 (5.94)

77 (6.21)

   

Hypercholesterolemia (number, %)

8389 (11.47)

170 (14.93)

46 (45.54)

216 (17.42)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

Hypertriglyceridemia (number, %)

15599 (21.33)

297 (26.08)

43 (42.57)

340 (27.42)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

Low-HDL cholesterol level (number, %)

28920 (39.55)

490 (43.02)

41 (40.59)

531 (42.82)

0.018

0.831

0.032

Abdominal adiposity (number, %)

 No

54591 (74.66)

760 (66.73)

61 (60.40)

821 (66.21)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

 Yes

18524 (25.34)

379 (33.27)

40 (39.60)

419 (33.79)

   

 Missing

1

0

0

0

   

Hyperuricemia (number, %)

23328 (31.91)

374 (32.84)

42 (41.58)

416 (33.55)

0.504

0.037

0.101

Low education level (number, %)

 No

50665 (71.16)

632 (57.04)

44 (45.36)

676 (56.10)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

 Yes

20533 (28.84)

476 (42.96)

53 (54.64)

529 (43.90)

   

 Missing

1918

31

4

35

   

Income level (number, %)

 Low

14607 (41.23)

310 (56.99)

27 (57.45)

337 (57.02)

<0.001

0.078

<0.001

 Middle

12704 (35.86)

139 (25.55)

12 (25.53)

151 (25.55)

   

 High

8116 (22.91)

95 (17.46)

8 (17.02)

103 (17.43)

   

 Missing

37689

595

54

649

   

Cigarette smoking (number, %)

 No

46893 (70.81)

835 (81.30)

70 (76.09)

905 (80.88)

<0.001

0.265

<0.001

 Yes

19335 (29.19)

192 (18.70)

22 (23.91)

214 (19.12)

   

 Missing

6888

112

9

121

   

Regular alcohol consumption (number, %)

 No

64036 (95.39)

978 (96.74)

89 (98.89)

1067 (96.91)

0.042

0.113

0.011

 Yes

3095 (4.61)

33 (3.26)

1 (1.11)

34 (3.09)

   

 Missing

5985

128

11

139

   

Physical inactivity (number, %)

 No

36759 (52.76)

565 (51.83)

43 (46.24)

608 (51.39)

0.545

0.208

0.248

 Yes

32916 (47.24)

525 (48.17)

50 (53.76)

575 (48.61)

   

 Missing

3441

49

8

57

   
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