Table 1 Effects of chronic 50 ppm eugenol treatment and time (cumulative duration of chronic exposure) on C. bombi cell morphology in vitro.

From: Effects of the floral phytochemical eugenol on parasite evolution and bumble bee infection and preference

A. Area

χ2

df

P

Eugenol

52.801

1

<0.001

Eugenol × Time

48.422

2

<0.001

B. Length

χ2

df

P

Eugenol

38.136

1

<0.001

Eugenol × Time

32.203

2

<0.001

C. Width

χ2

df

P

Eugenol

31.829

1

<0.001

Eugenol × Time

47.327

2

<0.001

  1. At each time point, we measured (A) area, (B) length, and (C) width of 20 cells for each of 5 cell lines per treatment.
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