Figure 5

Demonstration of the monocyte chemoattraction assay using a THP-1/myotube co-culture system. (a) Schematic view of the experimental setup and the corresponding microscopic picture. (b) Snapshots taken from Supplementary Movie S5, which recorded the migration behaviour of the active three monocytes (marked as yellow, blue, and red circles) over 15 h of cultivation. Contracting myotubes were on the left side, while myotubes at rest were on the right side. (c,d) Spider plots of the migration of monocytes cultured with (c) or without (d) myotubes. In both cases, the bipolar constant current pulses (1 mA amplitude, 1 ms duration, 1 μC charge injection, 1 Hz frequency) were applied between the PEDOT/PU electrode wire-1 and the external carbon electrode.