Figure 4

Phylogenetic PCA of environmental parameters and antioxidant defenses in Aegla species using their phylogeny20. The eigenvectors 1 and 2 recapitulates 60.9% of total variance (left panel). Negative and positive scores are indicated by white and black circles, being symbols proportional to absolute values (right panel). Considering only those traits whose explained variance is higher than 60%, eigenvector 1 includes physicochemical traits such as water conductivity, alkalinity, Cl−, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn concentrations, as well as metallothionein-like proteins (MTLP) and antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radical (ACAP). The eigenvector 2 is correlated with dissolved O2 and Na+, K+, Ca2+, Ag, and reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations. ACAP is associated with conductivity and Cr, Mn, Fe, Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations. MTLP variability was not correlated with the concentration of any metal analyzed. All trait values are provided in Tables 1 and 2, and in SI file. Legends: cam, A. camargoi; cas, A. castro; iner, A. inermis; lepto, A. leptodactyla; long, A. longirostri; pla, A. plana; plat, A. platensis; per, A. perobae; viol, A. violacea.