Figure 1 | Scientific Reports

Figure 1

From: Neovasculature can be induced by patching an arterial graft into a vein: A novel in vivo model of spontaneous arteriovenous fistula formation

Figure 1

The patch procedure used to generate the spontaneous arteriovenous fistula formation model. (A) The anatomy of the cervical vessels in rabbits. (B) The patch procedure starts with dissection and ligation of the left common carotid artery (LtCCA) about 10 mm superior to the thyroid artery. The artery is cut so that 6–7 mm of arterial tissue can be collected. The arterial tissue is opened up into a rectangle and then trimmed to form an oval. Thereafter, the left common jugular vein (LtCJV) is revealed by dissection and a 7 mm incision is made into the blocked portion under haemostasis. (C) The trimmed arterial tissue is sewn into the LtCJV in a patchwork manner. (D) A transverse section of the LtCJV bearing the arterial patch is shown. (E) One year after the patch procedure, neovasculature was induced around the arterial patch graft. The neovasculature resembled arteriovenous malformation (AVM).

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