Table 1 Tensile properties of adventitia rings with different cytokine stimulation regimens.

From: Self-assembled Collagen-Fibrin Hydrogel Reinforces Tissue Engineered Adventitia Vessels Seeded with Human Fibroblasts

Cytokine Group

Tensile Properties (kPa)

Elastic Modulus (E)

Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS)

Failure Strength (FS)

ascorbic acid → TGF-β

81.7 ± 18.5a

15.2 ± 1.90a

4.43 ± 1.62a

TGF-β → ascorbic acid

170.6 ± 16.1a

40.0 ± 1.68a

36.5 ± 8.46a

ascorbic acid + TGF-β

257.6 ± 48.0a

57.8 ± 3.07a

56.9 ± 3.18a

  1. aDenotes statistical significance between all groups (p < 0.01).