Table 2 Associations of socio-demographic characteristics and depressive symptoms by gender**.

From: Depressive symptoms and their association with social determinants and chronic diseases in middle-aged and elderly Chinese people

 

Male

Female

Some DS (N = 845)

High DS (N = 378)

Some DS (N = 1817)

High DS (N = 1165)

Age (years)

  <60

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

  60-

1.15 (0.96–1.38)

1.35 (1.03–1.76)

0.98 (0.87–1.13)

1.18 (1.01–1.38)

  ≥70

1.59 (1.33–1.90)

1.71 (1.31–2.24)

1.17 (1.01–1.35)

1.47 (1.23–1.76)

P for trend

<0.0001

<0.0001

0.1076

<0.0001

Marriage

  Married

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

  Widowed

0.39 (0.10–1.59)

1.77 (0.65–4.80)

0.95 (0.79–1.15)

1.18 (0.96–1.45)

  Others

0.88 (0.52–1.51)

1.23 (0.60–2.49)

1.23 (0.97–1.56)

1.33 (1.00–1.79)

Education

Elementary or under

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Middle or high  school

1.15 (0.87–1.53)

1.07 (0.71–1.63)

1.05 (0.90–1.22)

0.84 (0.71–1.01)

College or above

1.03 (0.74–1.45)

1.19 (0.73–1.93)

0.98 (0.79–1.22)

0.66 (0.50–0.87)

P for trend

0.7202

0.4232

0.7439

0.0024

Occupation

Manual worker

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Clerical

0.95 (0.79–1.13)

0.77 (0.58–1.02)

0.92 (0.81–1.04)

0.95 (0.82–1.11)

Professional

0.92 (0.75–1.13)

1.00 (0.74–1.34)

0.89 (0.78–1.02)

0.88 (0.74–1.05)

Income(RMB/person/year)*

<6000(4000)

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

6000-(4000-)

0.80 (0.65–0.97)

0.75 (0.56–1.02)

0.82 (0.72–0.93)

0.87 (0.75–1.01)

≥10000(8000)

0.53 (0.38–0.75)

0.65 (0.40–1.04)

0.73 (0.58–0.90)

0.68 (0.51–0.91)

P for trend

0.0001

0.0695

0.0004

0.0075

  1. *Cut points in brackets are for females.
  2. **Low and high depression score represent that participants had depressive symptoms in 1–3 days and ≥4 days, respectively. Age, marriage, education level, occupation and income were mutually adjusted in the polynomial logistic regression.
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